Nutrition
-
Faster eating and elevated circulating activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), a marker for liver injury, are risk factors for the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and their complications. The aim of this study was to examine the association between self-reported eating rate and circulating ALT activity in apparently healthy middle-aged Japanese women. ⋯ ALT activity is positively associated with faster eating, but is dependent on BMI in middle-aged, apparently healthy Japanese women.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of soy product kinako and fish oil on serum lipids and glucose metabolism in women with metabolic syndrome.
At the doses typically used to treat hypertriacylglycerolemia, fish oil may increase low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and blood glucose levels. The aim of the present study was to verify whether soy could attenuate the effects of fish oil on blood lipids and carbohydrate metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome. ⋯ The present study showed that kinako moderates the adverse effects of high doses of fish oil on LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, and glucose metabolism levels.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Yeast hydrolysate can reduce body weight and abdominal fat accumulation in obese adults.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of yeast hydrolysate on the abdominal fat in obese humans. ⋯ Yeast hydrolysate can reduce body weight and the accumulation of abdominal fat without an adverse effect on lean body mass in obese adults, regardless of sex, via the reduction of energy intake.
-
Protein malnutrition (PM) often is associated with changes in bone marrow (BM) microenvironment leading to an impaired hematopoiesis; however, the mechanism involved is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to compare the cell cycle progression of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) and evaluate the cell cycle signaling in malnourished mice to assess the mechanism of cell cycle arrest. ⋯ PM suppressed cell cycle progression mainly of HPC. This occurred via cyclin D1 down-regulation and p21/p27 overexpression attesting that BM microenvironment commitment observed in PM is affecting cell interactions compromising cell proliferation.
-
The aim of this study was to investigate body composition changes in fat mass (FM) to lean body mass (LBM) ratios following 15% body weight loss (WL) in both integrated medical treatment and bariatric surgery groups. ⋯ If followed closely by professionals during the first 15% body WL, patients losing 15% weight by either medical or surgical treatments can attain similar FM:LBM loss ratios and can maintain WL for 1 y.