Nutrition
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of wholegrain cereal foods on plasma short chain fatty acid concentrations in individuals with the metabolic syndrome.
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) derived from dietary fiber fermentation by gut microbiota have been identified as one of the mechanisms behind the association between habitual whole-grain intake and a lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The aims of the present work are: (1) to evaluate whether a whole-grain wheat-based diet may increase SCFAs concentration, and (2) to identify possible associations between SCFAs and metabolic changes observed after the nutritional intervention. ⋯ A 12-wk whole-grain wheat-based diet increases fasting plasma propionate. This increase correlates with the cereal fiber intake and is associated with lower postprandial insulin concentrations.
-
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association among birth weight, intrauterine growth, and nutritional status in childhood with grip strength in young adults from the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohort. ⋯ It is suggested that good nutrition in prenatal and early postnatal life has a positive influence on adult muscle strength. The results from birth weight were suggestive of fetal programming on grip strength measurement.
-
Limited data are available linking diet-related practices to functional dyspepsia (FD). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between meal frequency and prevalence of FD among a large sample of Iranian adults. ⋯ Results from the present study demonstrated an inverse association between meal and snack frequency and prevalence of FD and its components. Prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
-
Malnutrition is known to independently affect patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of patients at risk for malnutrition in an elective surgery patient cohort and to analyze the effects of malnutrition on morbidity, mortality, and hospital length of hospital (LOS). Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate the economic effect of a diligent coding of malnutrition, as a side diagnosis, in a simulation of the German Diagnosis-Related Group system. ⋯ Establishment of a structured, comprehensive assessment of the nutritional status of hospitalized patients can repetitiously identify patients at risk for malnutrition. Additionally, the diligent codification of malnutrition can lead to cost compensation in the German Diagnosis-Related Group system.
-
Acute life threatening metabolic acidosis in exclusively breast fed infants due to thiamine deficiency is not described. Kashmir valley, a north Indian state has a population that largely consumes polished rice. ⋯ Thiamine deficiency in an infant can present as sudden onset metabolic acidosis. If treated early, metabolic acidosis due to thiamine deficiency is associated with good immediate and long term prognosis even if pH is less than 7 at presentation.