Nutrition
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Multicenter Study
Non-interventional, retrospective data of long-term home parenteral nutrition in patients with benign diseases: Analysis of a nurse register (SERECARE).
The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) service in patients with benign chronic intestinal failure (CIF). ⋯ The use of a structured register has proved to be a key strategy for monitoring the outcomes of long-term treatment, improving time efficiency, and preventing potential malpractice. To our knowledge, this is the largest survey ever documented; the results were consistent despite the heterogeneity of the centers because of duly applied standard rules and protocols.
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Comparative Study
A comparison of L-carnitine and several cardiovascular-related biomarkers between healthy vegetarians and omnivores.
A plant-based diet has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. This study aimed to determine the levels and correlations of CV-related biomarkers and the beneficial role of dietary habits. ⋯ Our results suggest that vegetarians have an elevated level of L-Car, which might be associated with endogenous biosynthesis and diet composition. Circulating L-Car might play an important role in CV protection, especially in vegetarians.
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Review
Obesity, weight loss, and its influence on telomere length: New insights for personalized nutrition.
Telomeres are structures located at the ends of chromosomes associated with proteins, from the shelterin complex, which are responsible for the protection and preservation of the genetic material. The telomere length (TL) progressively decreases with each cell division, and recent evidence suggests that lifestyle can lead to telomere shortening. ⋯ Thus, the aim of the present review was to show the relationship between obesity and TL in addition to the possible risk factors for its shortening and how the different strategies for weight loss can modulate TL. As the crucial result, we can consider the association between TL and weight loss, and adiposity changes after different interventions, showing that TL may be used as a biomarker of responses to obesity treatment.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Differences in energy expenditure in human donor milk versus formula milk in preterm newborns: A crossover study.
The aim of this study was to compare the ratio between energy expenditure and caloric density in human donor milk versus formula milk in preterm newborn infants. ⋯ Formula milk produced a better metabolic response than human donor milk. Human donor milk with higher caloric content showed no difference from formula, so the use of human donor milk with more caloric density should be reinforced.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the association between aspects of the consumer food environment in food stores selling fruit and vegetables (FVs) and the incidence of overweight among users of a Brazilian primary health care service. ⋯ Given the importance of food environment in food choice at the time of purchase, it is important to consider consumer food environment in determining consumption. The results suggest that increased exposure to healthy foods should be included as guidelines for weight management.