Nutrition
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Observational Study
Sarcopenia and cardiovascular risk indices in patients with chronic kidney disease on conservative and replacement therapy.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition with high cardiovascular mortality associated with emerging risk factors, including sarcopenia. Several mechanisms can affect muscle mass, such as vitamin D deficiency, low protein intake, physical inactivity, metabolic acidosis, and inflammation leading to a worsening of cardiovascular outcomes and cognitive function. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia in CKD patients on conservative and replacement therapy and the associations between sarcopenia and markers of atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, psychological and cognitive function. ⋯ Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in CKD/end stage renal disease patients and is associated with changes in early systemic indices of atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction, known as markers of worse prognosis.
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Inflammatory potential of diet, as measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII), has consistently been associated with an increased risk for prostate cancer (PCa). However, data has largely been reported in populations with more proinflammatory dietary patterns, whereas there is high diversity in dietary pattern worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the association between DII scores and the risk for PCa in Vietnam. ⋯ A proinflammatory diet was associated with increased risk for PCa among Vietnamese men.
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We present an unique case report of pneumatosis intestinalis after fistuloclysis.
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A combined exercise training and calorie-restriction program is the mainstream treatment of obesity. However, the effect of the dual-action program on mitochondrial function in skeletal muscles has not yet been clarified. The aim of this study was to determine if the combined program, rather than a single program, restored both lost muscle activity and mitochondrial function in obesity. ⋯ These findings reinforce the synergistic beneficial effects of combined exercise and CR on skeletal muscles of HFD-fed rats.
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Observational Study
Trimethylamine N-oxide, Mediterranean diet, and nutrition in healthy, normal-weight adults: also a matter of sex?
Sex exerts an important influence on food preferences. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is based on the common dietary characteristics and lifestyle behaviors of the Mediterranean countries. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a marker of gut dysbiosis linked to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk, is mainly dependent on dietary pattern and gut microbiota metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between levels of TMAO and adherence to the MD as a function of sex. ⋯ A clear sex difference was observed in the apparently novel association between levels of TMAO and MD in healthy adults. Although dietary intervention trials on large series population are mandatory, sex-specific cutpoints of adherence to MD might help identify individuals at high risk for high levels of TMAO who would benefit from personalized dietary interventions.