Nutrition
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Multicenter Study
Association between diet quality index and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA).
This study evaluated the association between diet quality, assessed by the Diet Quality Index for Adolescents adapted for Brazilians (DQIA-BR), and cardiometabolic markers in adolescents. ⋯ The effects of diet quality on cardiometabolic risk factors differ according to sex and the presence of overweight/obesity. Overall, DQIA-BR is a suitable tool to evaluate the association between diet quality and cardiometabolic markers in normal-weight adolescents, but not for adolescents, especially girls, with overweight/obesity.
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Soy-based formula has evolved in usage and processing technology since its introduction in 1909, and has been used as substitute formula for infants or children with cow milk allergy since 1929. At present, personal opinions, religious background, availability, palatability, and cost are part of the reasons soy-based formula is chosen. Technology in processing soy-based formula has evolved from using soy flour to soy protein isolate, which provides advantages. However, concerns remain regarding the impact of its use on the growth and development of children. ⋯ Consensus was achieved, concluding that soy protein isolate formula is safe, affordable, and an alternative option for cow's milk-based formula for term infants.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of arabinogalactan on the gut microbiome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial in healthy adults.
Promising evidence suggests beneficial health effects of arabinogalactan, but little is known about the effect of this non-digestible carbohydrate on the gut microbiota, a crucial mediator of human health. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of an arabinogalactan product (ResistAid) on the fecal microbiome and short-chain fatty acids and gastrointestinal tolerance in healthy adults in a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial. ⋯ These results demonstrate that the gut microbiome composition and predicted functions can be modulated by ResistAid consumption, perhaps suggesting a mechanistic explanation on its reported benefits in metabolic parameters and the immune system.
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Colostrum is the first secretion produced by the mammary glands and is present through the seventh day after birth. Colostrum has important immunomodulatory components and protective factors that contribute to the protection and development of newborns. The oropharyngeal administration of colostrum (OAC) has been proposed as a potential nutritional option for very low-birth-weight (VLBW) newborns (<1500 g). This study aimed to analyze the clinical outcomes of VLBW infants receiving OAC. ⋯ OAC was associated with a shorter time to recover birth weight and time to full enteral feeding.
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The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of sarcopenia at the time of diagnosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), assessing disease activity and factors that may be associated with sarcopenia and observe effects of treatment on sarcopenia. ⋯ Sarcopenia was found in approximately one-third of the patients with newly diagnosed RA in our study. With treatment, sarcopenia improved significantly. Patients with RA should be evaluated in terms of sarcopenia in addition to evaluating joint and extraarticular findings at the time of diagnosis. Early detection and treatment planning may improve quality of life.