Nutrition
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Supplementing diet with citrulline has proved an efficient means of preserving nitrogen balance and improving nutritional status after massive intestinal resection. The aim of this study was to model the action of citrulline in gut-resected rats using a dose-ranging study focused on skeletal muscle nitrogen homeostasis. ⋯ Citrulline promotes body weight gain, preserves muscle trophicity, and enhances intestinal adaptation in a dose-dependent manner in a model of resected rats.
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Observational Study
Evaluation of muscle-skeletal strength and peak expiratory flow in severely malnourished inpatients with anorexia nervosa: A pilot study.
Anorexia nervosa is a complex psychiatric disorder that can lead to specific somatic complications. Malnutrition is frequent and can involve a decrease of mobility, up to functional impotence, in individuals with extremely severe cases. The aim of this pilot study was to examine muscle strength and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in severely undernourished patients with anorexia nervosa at admission and after 5 wk of renutrition by tube feeding, and to find the clinical and biological correlates of muscle-strength impairment. ⋯ Extremely undernourished people with anorexia nervosa present a decrease of PEF and musculoskeletal strength predominant on axial muscles. Both are associated with severity of malnutrition and liver damage. Partial recovery was observed after 5 wk of enteral nutrition.
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The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in individuals with a healthy weight (HWI), normal weight obesity (NWO), or overweight/obesity (OWO). ⋯ Individuals with NWO have a risk ratio for MetS similar to individuals with OWO. This demonstrates the need to assess body fat percentages, even in BMI-designated normal weight individuals, both for prevention and management of obesity.
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Vitamin A is commonly recommended as a treatment for diarrhea and undernutrition; however, little is known about the underlying cellular mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the modulation of cell cycle by vitamin A derivatives (retinyl palmitate or retinol) in undernourished intestinal epithelial crypts (IEC-6). ⋯ These findings indicated that both vitamin A derivatives induce further survival mechanisms in undernourished intestinal epithelial crypt cells. These mechanisms include increased cell quiescence, decreased apoptosis, increased cell differentiation, and transcription of genes related to MAP kinase signaling pathway.
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This study aimed to evaluate the nutrition risk profile of hospitalized children with electronic health record-based nutrition risk screening. Additionally, this study analyzed the association between high nutrition risk and clinical outcomes. ⋯ A high prevalence of HNR was found in patients of Shanghai Children's Medical Center. Surgeries, specific disease, and infancy were important HNR risk factors. HNR scores using STAMP might predict prolonged LOS and higher medical costs.