Nutrition
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Elevated serum γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), a hepatic cholestasis or liver damage marker, has been associated with low lean mass and adiposity. However, whether serum GGT can predict muscle function in adults remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether an elevated serum GGT is associated with low peak weight-corrected jump power (JP) and low handgrip strength (HGS). ⋯ Elevated serum GGT was associated with low muscle function in adults independent of age, muscle mass, and adiposity, indicating that serum GGT may play a role as an independent marker of muscle function.
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Visceral obesity, assessed using the visceral adiposity index (VAI), is related to mortality, but studies of populations with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between VAI and all-cause mortality among individuals with CKD. ⋯ Visceral obesity may influence the rate of all-cause mortality in a nonlinear manner in populations with CKD. Risk for death was higher with visceral fat deficiency than with excessive visceral fat deposition.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Ginger supplementation does not increase energy expenditure in female adults.
Food components with thermogenic properties are promising antiobesity agents. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) bioactive compounds have a capsaicin-like vanillyl portion, which has been attributed to thermogenic effect in previous experimental studies. However, studies conducted in humans have evaluated only the acute thermogenic effect of ginger, and demonstrated contradictory results. We evaluated the effect of long-term consumption of dry ginger extract on the resting energy expenditure (REE) of female adults with high body adiposity. ⋯ Ginger extract consumption for 3 mo did not change the REE, anthropometric, and clinical data of female adults with excess adiposity.
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Minimum dietary diversity (MDD) is the consumption of four or more food groups. Mobile screen media (MSM) refers to mobile electronic media devices. MSM use has become common, even among children at a very early age. This study aimed to determine whether there is any association between MSM use in children with MDD and associated factors. ⋯ This study concluded that the use of an MSM device during feeding was associated with a higher risk of not having MDD.
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The presence of myosteatosis is one factor associated with poor prognosis for patients with cirrhosis; however, the factors contributing to worsening myosteatosis are, to our knowledge, unknown. The aim of this study was to clarify the changes in myosteatosis, and the factors involved in these changes. ⋯ In patients with cirrhosis, myosteatosis progressed, and decreases in SMI and increases in VFI were correlated with its progression.