Nutrition
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This study aimed to assess, using simulation modeling, the theoretical effect of key diet and physical activity (PA) modification scenarios could have on body mass index (BMI) in prepregnant and postpartum women. ⋯ Increasing intake of whole grains by 2 to 3 servings/d could result in reductions in BMI of 1.16 and 0.85 kg/m2, and a 480- and 540-min/wk increase in PA could result in BMI reduction of 0.95 and 1.19 kg/m2 in prepregnant and postpartum women, respectively. This provides an evidence base to guide tailored nutrition messaging for obesity prevention efforts in reproductive age women.
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This study aims to assess social determinants of stunting among children aged <5 y within the Malay ethnicity in Malaysia. ⋯ The prevalence of stunting among children of Malay ethnicity aged <5 in Malaysia necessitates immediate intervention. It is pertinent to facilitate early identification of those children at risk of stunting for additional care to promote healthy growth.
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We performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to assess the association of total sugars, added sugars, fructose, and sucrose with all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality. ⋯ Increased intake of total sugars and fructose is associated with all-cause and CVD mortality but not associated with cancer mortality, which could have implications for guideline recommendations regarding the risk of mortality related to sugar intake.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Adjunctive efficacy of Lactis XLTG11 for Acute diarrhea in children: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study.
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of Bifidobacterium animalis sp. Lactis XLTG11, as an adjunctive treatment for acute watery diarrhea in children, using a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study design. ⋯ Administration of XLTG11 at a dose of 1 × 1010 CFU/d was effective in reducing the duration of diarrhea, inducing beneficial changes in GM composition and gene functions.
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The aim of this study was to thoroughly review the scientific literature related to cohort studies that evaluated the association between the intake of ultra-processed foods, according to the NOVA classification, and the increase in the components of metabolic syndrome and body fat in children and adolescents. ⋯ Seven of nine studies found at least one association with components of metabolic syndrome. This highlights the importance of early intervention to prevent non-communicable diseases in the future.