Nutrition
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The aim of this review was to map the literature on the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among women of reproductive age (WRA) and preschool children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The study aimed to provide an understanding of how DBM construct has been defined in the current literature and to elucidate plausible mechanisms underlying DBM development and its common risk factor among the two subgroups. We systematically searched for literature from the following databases: EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus and ProQuest Dissertations & Thesis Global and identified articles that specifically reported on the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition sequalae at the population, household, or individual levels among WRA and preschool children in LMICs. ⋯ Factors such as child age, child sex, maternal age, maternal education, maternal occupation, household food security, household wealth, urbanicity, and economic development were commonly associated with most of the DBM phenotypes. Our review findings showed that the understanding of the DBM in current literature is very ambiguous. There is need for future research to better understand the DBM construct and its etiology.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Adjunctive efficacy of Lactis XLTG11 for Acute diarrhea in children: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study.
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of Bifidobacterium animalis sp. Lactis XLTG11, as an adjunctive treatment for acute watery diarrhea in children, using a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study design. ⋯ Administration of XLTG11 at a dose of 1 × 1010 CFU/d was effective in reducing the duration of diarrhea, inducing beneficial changes in GM composition and gene functions.
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The relationship between food cravings and body image with healthy eating index in adolescent girls.
Adolescence is one of the most critical phases in any individual's life; adolescent nutrition is closely tied to physical health and development. Research has found that adolescent girls are particularly vulnerable to body image concerns and disordered eating behaviors, making it crucial to understand the factors that contribute to these issues. The relationship between food cravings, body image, and healthy eating behaviors is complex and multifaceted and requires careful investigation to identify effective interventions that can promote healthy eating habits in adolescent girls. By exploring the connections between these variables, researchers and health care professionals can develop targeted strategies to reduce food cravings, improve body image, and encourage healthy eating behaviors. Ultimately, this can have important implications for promoting adolescent health and reducing the risk of chronic diseases in later life. ⋯ Adolescents with higher body image score had better nutritional quality. Moreover, food cravings and BMI did not have any relationship with HEI score.
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Some studies have proposed a beneficial effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake with regard to insulin sensitivity. The aim of this study was to estimate the energy percentage and the daily PUFA intake to investigate the association between PUFAs and insulin resistance in a large sample of Brazilian adolescents. ⋯ Promotion of ALA intake and balanced LA/ALA ratio should be considered as a possible health strategy aimed at contributing to better control of glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in adolescents.
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Multicenter Study
Dietary diversity and food variety scores and their association with nutrition and health status of Indian children and adolescents: A multicenter study.
The objectives of this study were to 1) evaluate the dietary diversity scores (DDS) and food variety scores (FVS) among Indian children and adolescents aged 9-18 y; 2) compare the DDS and FVS in association with demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics (growth and hemoglobin [Hb] concentrations); and 3) determine DDS and FVS cutoffs to identify dietary micronutrient adequacy. ⋯ Both the DDS and FVS can be used interchangeably for assessing growth, health status, and nutritional adequacy. Single cutoff values of the DDS and FVS may aid in prompt identification of children and adolescents with micronutrient inadequacy.