Nutrition
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Malnutrition is very common among older adults. In rural Ethiopia, around 25% of women and 34% of men ≥65 y of age are malnourished. However, the risk factors for malnutrition among older adults in rural areas are not well understood. The aim of this study was to assess the level of malnutrition and associated factors among community-dwelling rural older adults in Fogera Zuriya district, Northwest Ethiopia. ⋯ This study included 634 older adults. According to the results of the study, the risk for malnutrition was 383 (60%), and being malnourished was 166 (268%). The following factors were significantly associated with the risk for malnutrition and malnutrition: • Age ≥85 y (AOR, 3.47; 95% CI, 1.270-9.465); • Skipping two meals daily (AOR, 6.36; 95% CI, 2.11-19.16); • Skipping 1 meal a day (AOR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.82-5.12); • Having a poor appetite (AOR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.50-15.36); • Being depressed (AOR, 4.04; 95% CI, 2.37-6.89); • Low physical activity (AOR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.50-9.72); • Family size of three of less members (AOR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.14-3.24); and • Low dietary diversity score (AOR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.11-3.31) CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the prevalence of malnourished (26%) was almost higher than the national average in Ethiopia (21%). Older age, skipping a meal, poor appetite, depression, low physical activity, and low dietary diversity score were factors significantly associated with the risk for malnutrition and malnutrition. Along with this, improving diet and exercise should be a top priority. Maintaining continuing psychological support, social support, and a balanced family size within the community should be additional interventions.
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The aim of this study was to identify the best anthropometric indices for predicting metabolic syndrome in US adolescents. ⋯ Our study found waist circumference z score and body roundness index were the best predictors of predicting metabolic syndrome compared with body mass index z score and A Body Shape Index in both boys and girls. We recommend that future studies develop global cutoff points for these anthropometric indices and examine their performance in a multi-country setting.
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We present the case of a 35-y-old woman with short bowel syndrome secondary to extensive intestinal resection with associated chronic kidney disease who was undergoing hemodialysis. This patient required permanent supplementation with intradialytic parenteral nutrition because of a high-output end-jejunostomy. The patient was a candidate for treatment with teduglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 2 analog, intending to increase intestinal absorption. ⋯ However, we have been unable to reduce intradialytic parenteral nutrition, which the patient requires thrice weekly. No significant secondary effects have occurred because of teduglutide administration. This may be the first reported use of teduglutide in a patient with short bowel syndrome undergoing hemodialysis who was monitored using bioelectrical impedance data during follow-up.
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One of the leading causes of obesity is the consumption of excess nutrients. Obesity is characterized by adipose tissue expansion, chronic low-grade inflammation, and metabolic alterations. Although consumption of a high-fat diet has been demonstrated to be a diet-induced obesity model associated with gut disorders, the same effect is not well explored in a mild-obesity model induced by high-refined carbohydrate (HC) diet intake. The intestinal tract barrier comprises mucus, epithelial cells, tight junctions, immune cells, and gut microbiota. This system is susceptible to dysfunction by excess dietary components that could increase intestinal permeability and bacterial translocation. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether an HC diet and the alterations resulting from its intake are linked to small intestine changes. ⋯ Metabolic alterations caused by consumption of an HC diet lead to a mild obesity state that does not necessarily involve significant changes in intestinal integrity.