Nutrition
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Case Reports Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of a bodybuilding carbohydrate-loading protocol on anthropometry: Preliminary findings from a randomized crossover trial.
To acutely enhance muscle size and definition, carbohydrate (CHO)-loading protocols are commonly implemented by bodybuilders in the week before competition. This study sought to evaluate the effects of a bodybuilding CHO-loading protocol on anthropometry. Four dieting males engaging in resistance training (RT) with very low body fat participated in this randomized crossover trial. ⋯ Individual differences in response to each phase were also observed. Group level changes seemingly favor CHO-loading; however, it is difficult to judge whether these changes are practically meaningful as they may not be large enough to exceed measurement error and daily biological fluctuations. Before implementation, coaches and competitors should consider individualizing protocols through precompetition testing and visually assessing changes in physique.
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The prognostic effects of the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) criteria in cancer survivors have been observed but require validation in clinical practice. This study was designed to evaluate the prognostic effects of baseline and longitudinal changes in PG-SGA scores on all-cause mortality among Chinese cancer patients in a real-world setting. ⋯ This study highlights the prognostic value of baseline and dynamic changes in PG-SGA scores for cancer patients, which can help improve their outcomes.
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To verify the association between the consumption of red and processed meats and the incidence of hypertension in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health. ⋯ The increased risk of developing hypertension is associated with moderate and high consumption of processed meats but not with consumption of red meat.
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Flavonoids exhibit antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties, yet the relationship between flavonoid intake and all-cause mortality in the obese population remains unclear. ⋯ The consumption of flavonoids may be associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality. Consumption of flavonoids is particularly beneficial for individuals with obesity and comorbidities.
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We assessed the impact and prognostic significance of alterations in muscle quality and quantity (myosteatosis and sarcopenia, respectively) in patients with esophageal cancer treated with radiotherapy (RT). ⋯ Muscle mass status at presentation and alterations in patients with esophageal cancer before and after RT should be considered prognostic indicators.