Nutrition
-
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), which includes multiple measures, has gradually become the standard perioperative management in pediatric surgery. However, it is still unclear which of its many measures affects the outcomes more. ⋯ A prolonged PLOS was associated with poor preoperative nutritional status, elevated liver function indexes, and postoperative complications. Early postoperative feeding and removal of tubes appeared more likely with a reduced PLOS than other measures, requiring more attention when implementing the ERAS protocol.
-
The aim to examine the prevalence and prognosis of cachexia according to the Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC) criteria in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia. ⋯ Cachexia was found in 36% of patients with sarcopenic dysphagia, and death was significantly higher in cachexia.
-
Observational Study
Baseline immune status and the effectiveness of response to enteral nutrition among ICU patients with COVID-19: An observational, retrospective study.
This study aimed to compare how immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients responded differently to enteral nutrition (EN) support in intensive care units (ICUs) during the COVID-19 pandemic, including serum nutritional biomarkers, inflammatory biomarkers, gastrointestinal (GI) intolerance symptoms, and clinical outcomes. ⋯ We found that the immunocompromised patients spent more time in the hospital. These findings may help us to standardize the participants before EN interventional studies better and better individualize EN supports based on patients' immunity status.
-
With increasingly prevalent folic acid consumption in early pregnancy, concerns about its potentially negative effect on maternal metabolism have been raised. Recent findings regarding folic acid levels in the first trimester and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus have been inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of folic acid status in early pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus as well as examine whether glucose levels can be modulated by folic acid status during the same first trimester. ⋯ Our findings underscore the importance of maintaining an appropriate folic acid concentration for preserving a lower risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, especially in women with relatively higher blood glucose in early pregnancy. Additionally, folic acid concentration > 32.5 nmol/L may be considered a risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus. This research suggested that folic acid levels should be monitored during the first trimester from the first prenatal checkup to prevent adverse effects of excessive folic acid intake.
-
Nutrient timing is a concept that emphasizes the intentional ingestion of whole or fortified foods, and dietary supplements, to adequately fuel for, and recover from, acute and chronic exercise. The nutrition strategies used by powerlifters around training sessions have not, to our knowledge, been previously investigated. This study explored the self-reported periworkout (before, during, and after) nutrition practices of competitive powerlifters, including what, why, and information source that informed practice, with comparison to current sport nutrition guidelines. ⋯ The periworkout nutrition practices used by competitive powerlifters followed current sport nutrition guidelines, by using CHO sources to fuel for training and ensuring the provision of protein postexercise. Competitive powerlifters may wish to exert caution with supplementation, as there is a risk of harm or inadvertent doping.