Nutrition
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To determine reference values for diagnosing sarcopenia through chest CT scans and evaluate their suitability for use among the Chinese old population. ⋯ This study established reference values for sarcopenia diagnosis through chest CT scans among the Chinese population, highlighting the importance of utilizing chest CT scans for sarcopenia detection and muscle health monitoring in older adults.
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In the present study we investigated the relationship between interpersonal childhood trauma, ability to delay gratification (DG), and disordered eating attitudes among adolescents. ⋯ These findings suggest that emotional abuse may influence disordered eating attitudes especially dieting behavior through its impact on ability to DG. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore intervention strategies for adolescents affected by interpersonal childhood trauma and disordered eating attitudes.
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The human gut microbiota is composed of many viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Escherichia coli representatives are facultative anaerobic bacteria in the colon that play a crucial role in the metabolism of lactose, vitamin synthesis, and immune system modulation. E. coli forms a biofilm on the epithelial cell surface of the intestine that can be modified by diet compounds, i.e., gluten, xylitol, lactose, and probiotics. ⋯ The relations between bacteria in the mixed biofilm led to changes in biofilm formation by E. coli and L. rhamnosus GG. Probiotics might be helpful in rebuilding the gut microbiota after broad spectrum antibiotic therapy, but only if gluten and lactose are excluded from diet.
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This study aimed to reveal the prevalence and characteristics of individuals at risk of dysphagia in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and its association with health-related quality of life (HRQOL). ⋯ Dysphagia risk was prevalent in approximately 10% of patients with CLD and was associated with a risk of sarcopenia and malnutrition. Furthermore, dysphagia risk was related to HRQOL in patients with CLD.
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Review
The importance of food quality, gut motility, and microbiome in SIBO development and treatment.
The prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is rising worldwide, particularly in nations with high rates of urbanization. Irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel illnesses, and nonspecific dysmotility are strongly linked to SIBO. Moreover, repeated antibiotic therapy promotes microorganisms' overgrowth through the development of antibiotic resistance. ⋯ Since the scientific world was unsure whether there was a long-term or potential solution for SIBO until quite recently, research on a number of the topics included in the article should be performed. The article aimed to summarize current knowledge about proper nutrition after SIBO eradication and the prevention of recurrent bacterial overgrowth. Moreover, a connection was found between diet, gut dysmotility, and SIBO.