Nutrition
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Comparative Study
Handgrip strength and mortality in a cohort of kidney failure patients: Comparative analysis of different normalization methods.
Reduced handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We analyzed and compared associations of HGS with mortality risk in dialysis patients, using different normalization methods of HGS. ⋯ HGS% was a strong predictor of all-cause mortality risk in incident dialysis patients and a better discriminator of survival than absolute HGS or HGS normalized to body size dimensions.
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The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns associated with diabetes in Korean adults and to investigate their association with diabetes risk in both a cross-sectional and prospective study. ⋯ Dietary patterns derived by RRR followed by stepwise linear regression analyses were associated with increased risks of diabetes among Korean adults.
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Comparative Study
Advancing body composition assessment in patients with cancer: First comparisons of traditional versus multicompartment models.
Measurement of body composition using computed tomography (CT) scans may be a viable clinical tool for low muscle mass assessment in oncology. However, longitudinal assessments are often infeasible with CT. Clinically accessible body composition technologies can be used to track changes in fat-free mass (FFM) or muscle, though their accuracy may be impacted by cancer-related physiological changes. The purpose of this study was to examine the agreement among accessible body composition method with criterion methods for measures of whole-body FFM measurements and, when possible, muscle mass for the classification of low muscle in patients with cancer. ⋯ Despite discrepancies between clinical body composition assessment and the criterion multicompartment model, DXA demonstrates the strongest agreement with 4C. Disagreement between DXA and CT for low muscle mass classification prompts further evaluation of the measures and cutoffs used with each technique. Multicompartment models may enhance our understanding of body composition variations at the individual patient level and improve the applicability of clinically accessible technologies for classification and monitoring change over time.
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The purpose of the present study was to explore the latent growth trajectory of body mass index (BMI) from birth to 24 months and comprehensively analyze body composition development influencing factor in preschool children. ⋯ BMI growth in children aged 0-24 months can be divided into three latent trajectories: low, middle, and high. These trajectories and parental ppBMI were independent and interactive factors influencing children's body composition. The high trajectories played a partial mediating role in the association between paternal ppBMI and body composition in preschool children. It is necessary to pay attention to the BMI growth level of children aged 0-24 months, which plays an important role in the development of body fat in the future.
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A lack of research exists on associations between eating behaviors and dietary intake among patients undergoing bariatric surgery. This study aimed to ascertain the association between eating behaviors and dietary quantity and quality at mid-term postsleeve gastrectomy (SG). ⋯ External eating showed the most unfavorable associations, while restrained eating showed the most favorable associations with quantity and quality of diet 2 to 4 years after SG. Emotional eating was minimally related to dietary characteristics.