The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology
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The aim of this study was to determine the current incidence of side-effects severe enough to cause intolerance of standard antituberculosis therapy with isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide in patients hospitalized as a result of pulmonary tuberculosis. Five hundred and nineteen patients with proven pulmonary tuberculosis, who initially received standard antituberculosis therapy, were retrospectively studied in the department of infectious diseases in a teaching chest hospital. The incidence of severe side-effects related to the therapy, which led to the definitive termination of one of the three standard drugs, was measured and the risk factors for intolerance were analysed. ⋯ Significant risk factors for intolerance of the standard therapy following a multivariate analysis were a history of hepatitis (odds ratio (OR) 3.4; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.6-7.6; p = 0.0026) and an age > or = 60 yrs (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.2-3.2; p = 0.017). Both of these risk factors were also significantly associated with the intolerance of pyrazinamide (history of hepatitis: OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.4-4.3; p = 0.0045; age > or = 60 yrs: OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.3-3.5; p = 0.0029) but not of isoniazid and rifampin. The side-effects of standard antituberculosis therapy are frequent in hospitalized patients aged > or = 60 yrs or with a history of previous hepatitis, and are probably due to pyrazinamide rather than to isoniazid or rifampin.
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In a prospective study, we investigated the effect of single-lung transplantation (SLT) on pulmonary haemodynamics and the relationship between pulmonary hypertension (PH) and the fraction of perfusion to the transplant in patients with end-stage pulmonary parenchymal disease. Twenty four SLT recipients were included in the study, 19 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), two with sarcoidosis and three with fibrosing alveolitis. Spirometry, determination of arterial blood gas values, perfusion scintigraphy and right heart catheterization were performed before and 1, 6, 12 and 24 months after transplantation. ⋯ In conclusion, patients with pulmonary hypertension obtain pulmonary haemodynamics within the normal range after single-lung transplantation. Presence or absence of pulmonary hypertension before transplantation does not influence perfusion to the graft. These findings persist up to 2 yrs, despite the coexistence of an "end-stage" native lung and a lung transplant.