Reproductive toxicology
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Reproductive toxicology · Jan 1994
Use of the Retinoid Pregnancy Prevention Program in Canada: patterns of contraception use in women treated with isotretinoin and etretinate.
We sought to describe demographic characteristics of and pattern of contraception use by Canadian women prescribed synthetic retinoids who voluntarily contacted the Motherisk Program in Toronto and to describe the degree of use of the Pregnancy Prevention Program (PPP) for retinoids. Prospectively gathered intake data from isotretinoin-exposed women was statistically compared to that from matched controls selected from our database. Intake data is qualitatively reported for etretinate-exposed women. ⋯ Twenty (77%) knew the drug was teratogenic, yet 10 (38.5%) used no contraception, 6 (23.1%) experienced method failure, and 2 (8%) stopped contraception during isotretinoin therapy. In conclusion, although cognizant of the teratogenicity of isotretinoin, more than one-third of the women in this study used no birth control or experienced contraception failure. In this same group, however, compliance with contraception use appeared to increase in those who saw more of the PPP.
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Reproductive toxicology · Jan 1991
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialA multicenter, prospective study of fetal outcome following accidental carbon monoxide poisoning in pregnancy.
We report the results of the first prospective, multicenter study of acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in pregnancy. We collected and followed cases of CO poisoning occurring during pregnancy between December 1985 and March 1989. The sources of CO were malfunctioning furnaces (n = 16), hot water heaters (n = 7), car fumes (n = 6), and methylene chloride inhalation (n = 3). ⋯ Severe maternal CO toxicity was associated with significantly more adverse fetal cases when compared to mild maternal toxicity (P less than 0.001). It is concluded that while severe CO poisoning poses serious short- and long-term fetal risk, mild accidental exposure is likely to result in normal fetal outcome. Because fetal accumulation of CO is higher and its elimination slower than in the maternal circulation, hyperbaric oxygen may decrease fetal hypoxia and improve outcome.