Reproductive toxicology
-
Reproductive toxicology · Jan 2021
Perinatal selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and other antidepressant exposure effects on anxiety and depressive behaviors in offspring: A review of findings in humans and rodent models.
The developmental impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and other antidepressant treatments during gestation and postpartum on anxiety and depression behaviors in offspring is unclear. This review focuses on how perinatal exposure to SSRI and other antidepressant may have long term consequences for these affective behaviors during early childhood and beyond. Outcomes vary and consideration is given to methodological factors related to how early SSRI exposure affects developments studied in rodent models such as: a) between pre- and early post-natal SSRI exposure, b) sex, c) experimental models of gestational maternal stress and d) impact of non-SSRI antidepressant medications. We will also review how multiple contextual factors (maternal caregiving and gene x environment interactions) may contribute to the effects of perinatal SSRI exposure and maternal mental illness on affective behaviors in children.
-
Reproductive toxicology · Jun 2019
Meta AnalysisUse of ondansetron during pregnancy and the risk of major congenital malformations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
To investigate whether ondansetron use during pregnancy is associated with increased rates of major or subgroups of malformations. ⋯ Ondansetron use during pregnancy was not associated with a significant increase in rate of major or selected subgroups of malformations in our primary analysis. However, results of the secondary analyses warrant the need for continued surveillance. These results may be reassuring for pregnant women in whom ondansetron use is clinically indicated since the absolute risks of possible concerns appear to be low.
-
Reproductive toxicology · Jan 2019
First trimester ondansetron exposure and risk of structural birth defects.
This study investigates risk of specific structural birth defects associated with ondansetron exposure during the first trimester in a large US commercially-insured population. Medical claims data were obtained from Truven Health Analytics for 864,083 mother-infant pairs from 2000 to 2014. ⋯ This analysis addresses limitations of prior studies including limited power, exposure misclassification, and generalizability to the US population. In a large, US population we found a statistically significant association between early pregnancy ondansetron exposure and specific structural birth defects in offspring.
-
Maternal mortality is a major global concern. Although a notable decline in maternal mortality in the United States occurred during the mid-20th century, this progress stalled during the late 20th century. Furthermore, maternal mortality rates have increased during the early 21st century. ⋯ This overview will try to provide a context for understanding the problem of this rise in maternal mortality in the U. S. by briefly discussing how maternal mortality rates are reported from National Vital Statistics data and from a National Surveillance system. Trends and causes of maternal deaths and the difficulty with interpreting these trends will be discussed.