American journal of physical medicine & rehabilitation
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · Apr 2007
Lung inflation by glossopharyngeal breathing and "air stacking" in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
To compare the use of glossopharyngeal breathing (GPB) and air stacking to increase lung volumes and cough peak flows (CPF), and GPB to increase ventilator-free breathing ability (VFBA), for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. ⋯ GPB and air stacking can increase lung volumes and, thereby, cough flows. GPB also can be used in many cases to delay and decrease daytime ventilator use.
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Am J Phys Med Rehabil · Apr 2007
ReviewIntroduction to musculoskeletal diagnostic ultrasound: examination of the upper limb.
With recent advances in computer technology and equipment miniaturization, the clinical application of diagnostic ultrasonography (U/S) has spread across various medical specialties. Diagnostic U/S is attractive in terms of its noninvasiveness, lack of radiation, readiness of use, cost-effectiveness, and its ability to make dynamic examinations possible. Dynamic imaging deserves special emphasis because it is useful in differentiating full-thickness from partial-thickness tendon tears, muscle tears, and tendon and nerve subluxations or dislocations. ⋯ However, there are limitations of U/S, which will be discussed in this review article. This is part 1 of two articles; this first part will focus on the ultrasound examination of the upper extremity, using selected examples relevant to musculoskeletal medicine. Part 2 will cover common pathologies of the lower extremity.