Clinical anatomy : official journal of the American Association of Clinical Anatomists & the British Association of Clinical Anatomists
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The safe and successful performance of a central venous catheterization (CVC) requires a specific knowledge of anatomy in addition to a working knowledge. Misunderstanding the anatomy may result in failure or complications. ⋯ CVC is common practice amongst surgeons, anesthesiologists, and emergency room physicians during the preparations for major surgical procedures such as open-heart surgery, as well as, for intensive care monitoring and rapid restoration of blood volume. Associated with this technique are certain anatomical pitfalls and complications that can be successfully avoided if one possesses a thorough knowledge of the contraindications, regional anatomy, and rationale of the technique.
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Crossed renal ectopia is one of the rarest urinary system anomalies. It is more often seen at autopsy than in clinical practice. Most cases of renal ectopia remain asymptomatic during life and are diagnosed incidentally. ⋯ Both had left-to-right inferior crossed renal ectopia with fusion. Additionally, the first patient had a history of surgery for a recurrent inguinal hernia, whereas the second had crossed fused renal ectopia associated with nephroptosis. Surgeons should be aware of ectopic and fused kidneys to minimize perioperative complications because of the uncertain anatomy.
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Case Reports
Isolated deep peroneal (fibular) nerve palsy in association with primary total hip arthroplasty.
We present two patients suffering isolated deep peroneal (fibular) nerve (DPN) palsies post primary total hip arthroplasty. The consistent factor in both patients was difficulty with initial dislocation and subsequent relocation. Both developed immediate isolated DPN palsies, with loss of dorsiflexion and paraesthesia over the first web space. ⋯ Common peroneal nerve (CPN) palsy is common than due to a number of important anatomical factors. It is thought that the deep and superficial branches of this nerve also exist as discrete fascicles and these same factors make the deep division more frequently affected. Recovery is prolonged and incomplete despite intensive physiotherapy, thus putting emphasis on prevention.