Journal of clinical anesthesia
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To evaluate the success of epidural anesthesia for postpartum tubal ligation using epidural catheters placed during labor and to determine whether patient characteristics, timing of surgery, or technical factors (e.g., length of epidural catheter inserted into the epidural space) influenced the success of subsequent epidural anesthesia. ⋯ Although other factors may influence the timing of postpartum tubal ligation after delivery, the success of epidural anesthesia for tubal ligation using in situ epidural catheters is greater if surgery is performed shortly after delivery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Prostaglandin E1 as a hypotensive drug during general anesthesia for total hip replacement.
To determine the effect of intravenous administration of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in inducing controlled hypotension during general anesthesia. ⋯ These data suggest that PGE1 can be used safely to induce hypotension, thereby reducing blood loss during total hip replacement with general anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Using the laryngeal indices caliper to predict difficulty of laryngoscopy with a Macintosh #3 laryngoscope.
(1) To evaluate a device of the authors' design, the laryngeal indices caliper, which quantitates the position of the anterior edges of the larynx relative to the upper teeth and the external auditory canals; (2) to determine how relative laryngeal position affects ease of direct laryngoscopy with a Macintosh #3 laryngoscope. ⋯ (1) Laryngeal tilt is a good predictor of difficulty of laryngoscopy with a Macintosh #3 laryngoscope; (2) the laryngeal indices caliper is a simple pocket device to measure LT indirectly.
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Regional anesthetic techniques for children have recently enjoyed a justified resurgence in popularity. Intraoperative blockade of the neuraxis, whether by the spinal or epidural route, provides excellent analgesia with minimal physiologic alteration and, with an indwelling catheter, can provide continuous pain relief for many days postoperatively. ⋯ Although some practitioners contend that a regional block on an already anesthetized child adds to the risk of the general anesthetic itself, in experienced hands the risks are negligible and the benefits dramatic. In this review of caudal and lumbar epidural and subarachnoid blockade in infants and children, anatomy, physiologic alterations, and pharmacology pertinent to the three types of neuraxial blockade are described, with the aim of providing the practicing anesthesiologist with the foundation needed to perform these blocks with relative confidence.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Using the bubble inclinometer to measure laryngeal tilt and predict difficulty of laryngoscopy.
To evaluate a simple device, the bubble inclinometer, to measure degrees of laryngeal tilt (LT) for predicting difficulty of direct laryngoscopy using a Macintosh #3 laryngoscope. ⋯ The bubble inclinometer accurately and reproducibly measures relative LT, and the anterior tilt of the larynx directly correlates with the ability to see the laryngeal opening during direct laryngoscopy with a Macintosh #3 laryngoscope.