Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison: the efficacy of sevoflurane-nitrous oxide or propofol-nitrous oxide for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.
To compare sevoflurane-nitrous oxide with propofol-nitrous oxide for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia, and to determine the rates of recovery following each anesthetic. ⋯ Sevoflurane allows for rapid inhalation induction of, and emergence from, general anesthesia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Postoperative analgesia and intraoperative inhalational anesthetic requirements during umbilical herniorrhaphy in children: postincisional local infiltration versus preincisional caudal epidural block.
To determine the postoperative analgesic efficacy of, and the effects on, intraoperative inhalational anesthetic requirements of preincisional caudal epidural block versus postincisional infiltration of local anesthetic following umbilical herniorrhaphy in children. ⋯ Preincisional caudal epidural block is more effective in controlling pain following umbilical herniorrhaphy than is postincisional local infiltration.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Propofol and alfentanil for sedation during placement of retrobulbar block for cataract surgery.
To determine if the addition of alfentanil to propofol is more effective than propofol alone to provide adequate conditions for placement of a retrobulbar block prior to cataract surgery. ⋯ The combination of alfentanil and propofol may be used to sedate patients in order to limit movement and provide a cooperative, alert patient with stable hemodynamics and limited respiratory depression during placement of retrobulbar block prior to ophthalmic surgery. However, excessive dosage of these drugs may result in hazardous respiratory depression in this patient population.
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The effect of sedation on ICU patient recall is uncertain. Ensuring suppression of awareness and, particularly, recall, may prevent post-ICU psychological problems. Development of ICU sedation pathways and improved neurophysiologic monitoring techniques may help clinicians provide good levels of recall suppression and sedation when they are most needed by ICU patients.
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To study the safety of instillation of eyedrops prior to ophthalmic surgery, which may potentially affect myocardial function, using continuous ST segment recording. ⋯ The lack of significant finding most likely reflects the safety of these ophthalmic drops in their present dilute concentration, but it is also possible that the software and/or monitors used were not sensitive enough in their current configuration to detect possible subtle changes. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that the preoperative ophthalmic drugs used in our institution do not seem to have any adverse cardiovascular effects in this elderly patient population who are about to undergo cataract surgery with MAC.