Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Lidocaine in the endotracheal tube cuff reduces postoperative sore throat.
To test the hypothesis that continuous application of local anesthesia at the contact area between the endotracheal tube cuff and trachea would reduce both the incidence and severity of postoperative sore throat by blocking the tracheal pain receptors with local anesthetic delivered via endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff. ⋯ Using lidocaine to inflate the ETT cuff decreases the severity of postoperative sore throat at one hour, and both the incidence and severity at 24 hours.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Nausea and vomiting following thyroid and parathyroid surgery.
To determine the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) following thyroid and parathyroid surgery. To determine whether PONV is reduced when propofol is used for maintenance of anesthesia as compared to isoflurane and to evaluate the costs and resource consumption associated with these two anesthetic regimens. ⋯ Patients undergoing thyroid or parathyroid surgery are at high risk for the development of PONV. Propofol for maintenance of anesthesia, although more expensive than isoflurane, reduces the rate of PONV in women.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Clinical analysis of the flexor hallucis brevis as an alternative site for monitoring neuromuscular block from mivacurium.
To compare the flexor hallucis brevis, which is responsible for flexion of the great toe, to the adductor pollicis as a site for monitoring the onset and recovery from neuromuscular block after an intubating dose of mivacurium chloride. ⋯ Due to its lag behind the adductor pollicis, the flexor hallucis brevis is not a good indicator of when to intubate the trachea during the onset of neuromuscular block; however, its faster recovery may make it useful for monitoring deep neuromuscular block intraoperatively or during recovery when the adductor pollicis TOF response still shows complete blockade.
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Clinical Trial
The utility of routine postoperative chest radiography in the postanesthesia care unit.
To evaluate the clinical significance and cost effectiveness of routine chest radiographs in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). ⋯ Abnormal chest radiographic findings resulted in a change in the management of only 4% of the patients. Therefore, the yield of a routine postoperative chest radiograph in the PACU is low. Performing a chest radiograph for a specific indication rather than on a routine basis, may decrease work load and save expenses. Postoperative chest radiography can be safely evaluated by a staff anesthesiologist.
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We treated a patient with a 30-year history of ethanol and benzodiazepine abuse who, on emerging from general anesthesia, was combative and confused. Our working diagnosis was acute ethanol withdrawal, and the patient received intravenous (i.v.) propofol, and midazolam. Initially small doses (10 to 20 mg) of propofol, combined with a midazolam infusion (50 mg/hr), produced sedation. ⋯ Immediate sedation was produced by thiopental bolus (500 mg) and i.v. infusion (200 mg/hr). The implication of the patient's initial appropriate response to propofol, followed by the lack of effect when much higher doses were employed, is discussed. While tachyphylaxis has been reported after long-term propofol use, we believe this to be the first case of acute tachyphylaxis.