Journal of clinical anesthesia
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To determine the hemodynamic effects of pneumoperitoneum and patient positioning during laparoscopic surgery of the lower abdomen. ⋯ The lithotomy position and subsequent pneumoperitoneum increased preload, probably as a result of blood shifting from the abdomen to the thorax by compression of splanchnic vessels caused by the pneumoperitoneum. Careful fluid management, maintaining low abdominal pressure, and use of the reverse Trendelenburg position are favored to prevent adverse hemodynamic effects in laparoscopic surgery.