Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Total intravenous anesthesia with propofol is associated with a lower rate of postoperative delirium in comparison with sevoflurane anesthesia in elderly patients.
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common complication of anesthesia. The incidence of POD in elderly patients ranges from 37% to 53%, and POD increases the morbidity and mortality of elderly patients. However, the effects of anesthetics on POD are not well known. The present study aimed to compare the incidence of POD resulting from propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia. ⋯ In comparison with sevoflurane anesthesia, propofol anesthesia is associated with a lower incidence of POD in elderly patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The effects of caudal or intravenous dexmedetomidine on postoperative analgesia produced by caudal bupivacaine in children: a randomized controlled double-blinded study.
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of caudal and intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine (1 μg/kg) on postoperative analgesia after caudal bupivacaine in pediatric patients undergoing lower abdominal and perineal surgeries. ⋯ Compared to IV administration, caudal administration of dexmedetomidine during caudal bupivacaine anesthesia provided prolonged postoperative analgesia and a greater analgesic sparing effect without significant side effects. This suggests a greater role of neuraxial compared to that of peripheral α-2 adrenoceptors in pain processing.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A comparison of classic laryngeal mask airway insertion between lightwand- and standard index finger-guided techniques.
To compare the efficacy of lightwand-guided classic laryngeal mask airway (cLMA) real-time insertion technique with the standard recommended index finger-guided insertion technique. ⋯ Lightwand-guided cLMA insertion technique can provide a more objective indicator for correct cLMA positioning, higher first attempt success rates, better glottic views, and less damage to oropharyngeal or esophagus tissues than standard index finger-guided cLMA insertion technique.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Transversus abdominis plane block for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: a randomized trial.
Pain after laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery can be moderate to severe, interfering with return to normal activity. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of bilateral ultrasound-guided (USG) transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block for relieving acute pain after laparoscopic hernia repair as T10-L1 nerve endings are anesthetized with this block. ⋯ TAP block reduced postoperative pain up to 24 hours after laparoscopic hernia repair.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Randomized study of postcesarean analgesia with intrathecal morphine alone or combined with clonidine.
To investigate the efficacy of the combination of intrathecal morphine with clonidine in comparison with 2 doses of intrathecal morphine alone for postcesarean analgesia. ⋯ At these doses, there was no benefit of associating clonidine with morphine to improve postcesarean analgesia. Considering that higher doses of morphine were associated with more side effects, 50 μg of intrathecal morphine alone seems to be a better option for analgesia. The use of clonidine to reduce postoperative shivering must be balanced against the potential risks of hypotension, bradycardia, dizziness, and sedation.