Current opinion in anaesthesiology
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Dec 2015
ReviewSafety-II and resilience: the way ahead in patient safety in anaesthesiology.
Anaesthesiology is a specialty with a remarkable track record regarding improvements in safety. Nevertheless, modern healthcare poses increasing demands on quality and outcome: more complexity, more patients with increasing risk-factors, more regulation from society concerning quality and outcome and finally more demand of the stakeholders for efficiency. This leads us to ask the question if our traditional way of handling 'risk' and 'safety' will stand the challenges of the future? ⋯ We are well advised to consider adapting these modern concepts of 'resilience' and 'safety-II' thinking when we want to substantially improve patient safety in anaesthesiology.
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Electronic medical devices are an integral part of patient care. As new devices are introduced, the number of alarms to which a healthcare professional may be exposed may be as high as 1000 alarms per shift. The US Food and Drug Administration has reported over 500 alarm-related patient deaths in five years. The Joint Commission, recognizing the clinical significance of alarm fatigue, has made clinical alarm management a National Patient Safety Goal. ⋯ Alarm fatigue can jeopardize safety, but some clinical solutions such as setting appropriate thresholds and avoiding overmonitoring are available.
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The purpose of this study is to review the current state of large database research in anaesthesiology and to describe the evolution of the National Anesthesia Clinical Outcomes Registry (NACOR) in the USA. ⋯ The Information Age is bringing new capabilities for large database research to the specialty of anaesthesiology, driven by the formation of registries capable of capturing a large fraction of all cases performed.
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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol · Dec 2015
ReviewState-of-the-art usage of simulation in anesthesia: skills and teamwork.
This review describes the level of evidence for the use of medical simulation in anesthesia. It also discusses the topic of realism in simulation and its use for assessment. ⋯ Simulation for skill and team training should be a mandatory component for anesthesia residency programs and continuous medical education. The 'see one, do one, teach one' approach is obsolete and should be abandoned.
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The increasing request for procedural sedation will create in the upcoming future the need for a specific training in delivering care to patients in a continuum of sedation, whose effects and adverse events are unpredictable. The main debate in the past years has been focused on using drugs that could have few adverse effects and could be considered well tolerated when administered by a nonanaesthesiologist. Propofol remains the most used drug for procedural sedation, but given its side-effects, its administration is limited and suggested only when an anaesthesiologist is available. The main studies recently appearing in the literature are focusing on the use of alternative drugs such as dexmedetomidine, remifentanil, fospropofol, ketofol and remimazolam. The current study is an overview of the different fields of procedural sedation, describing the evidence from the published studies and some upcoming studies. ⋯ Recent studies on procedural sedation are still debating on the use of propofol by nonanaesthesiologists and are exploring the use of other sedatives and analgesics. The main goal in the future should be to have a clear curriculum on the role of the 'sedationalist' outside the operating room.