BMJ : British medical journal
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Multicenter Study
Impact of pulse oximetry screening on the detection of duct dependent congenital heart disease: a Swedish prospective screening study in 39,821 newborns.
To evaluate the use of pulse oximetry to screen for early detection of life threatening congenital heart disease. ⋯ Introducing pulse oximetry screening before discharge improved total detection rate of duct dependent circulation to 92%. Such screening seems cost neutral in the short term, but the probable prevention of neurological morbidity and reduced need for preoperative neonatal intensive care suggest that such screening will be cost effective long term.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Effect of listening to Nellie the Elephant during CPR training on performance of chest compressions by lay people: randomised crossover trial.
To determine whether listening to music during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training increases the proportion of lay people delivering chest compressions of 100 per minute. ⋯ Listening to Nellie the Elephant significantly increased the proportion of lay people delivering compression rates at close to 100 per minute. Unfortunately it also increased the proportion of compressions delivered at an inadequate depth. As current resuscitation guidelines give equal emphasis to correct rate and depth, listening to Nellie the Elephant as a learning aid during CPR training should be discontinued. Further research is required to identify music that, when played during CPR training, increases the proportion of lay responders providing chest compressions at both the correct rate and depth.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Community involvement in dengue vector control: cluster randomised trial.
To assess the effectiveness of an integrated community based environmental management strategy to control Aedes aegypti, the vector of dengue, compared with a routine strategy. ⋯ A community based environmental management embedded in a routine control programme was effective at reducing levels of Aedes infestation.
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To describe the course of chronic low back pain in an inception cohort and to identify prognostic markers at the onset of chronicity. ⋯ More than one third of patients with recent onset, non-radicular chronic low back pain recover within 12 months. The prognosis is less favourable for those who have taken previous sick leave for low back pain, have high disability levels or high pain intensity at onset of chronic low back pain, have lower education, perceive themselves as having a high risk of persistent pain, and were born outside Australia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Laparoscopic fundoplication compared with medical management for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease: cost effectiveness study.
To describe the long term costs, health benefits, and cost effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery compared with those of continued medical management for patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). ⋯ Surgery seems to be more cost effective on average than medical management in many of the scenarios examined in this study. Surgery might not be cost effective if the treatment effect does not persist over the long term, if patients who return to medical management have poor health related quality of life, or if proton pump inhibitors were cheaper. Further follow-up of patients from the REFLUX trial may be valuable.