Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre
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HLA typing serves as a standard practice in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation to ensure compatibility between donors and recipients, preventing the occurrence of allograft rejection and graft-versus-host disease. Conventional laboratory methods that have been widely employed in the past few years, including sequence-specific primer PCR and sequencing-based typing (SBT), currently face the risk of becoming obsolete. This risk stems not only from the extensive diversity within HLA genes but also from the rapid advancement of next-generation sequencing and third-generation sequencing technologies. ⋯ It explores how the adoption of third-generation sequencing technologies can revolutionize the field by offering improved accuracy, reduced ambiguity, and enhanced assessment of compatibility in HSCT. Embracing these cutting-edge technologies is essential to advancing the success rates and outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This review underscores the importance of staying at the forefront of HLA typing techniques to ensure the best possible outcomes for patients undergoing HSCT.
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Cannabinoid usage is widespread in the self-management of various medical ailments. However, adverse effects have been reported with use, especially pertaining to the gastrointestinal system in adults and aged patients. These range from nausea, vomiting, bloating, or abdominal pain. This systematic review of previously reported cannabis-induced gastrointestinal symptoms in the adult population from the literature provides an analysis of relevant data to enhance knowledge and awareness of this topic. ⋯ Potential limitations include small sample sizes, variation in research methodologies, varied studied designs, and limited availability of data on specific populations such as geriatric users. Further research is warranted to add to current evidence pertaining to this emerging topic of significance, fill the broad knowledge gaps and contribute to evidence-based guidelines for healthcare professionals, ensuring safe prescribing practices and provision of quality care.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the association between supplementation containing folic acid only (FAO) or multiple micronutrients containing folic acid and the risk for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP). ⋯ Periconceptional FAO supplementation may reduce the risk for HDP, especially GH. The protective effects are greater among women with a normal prepregnancy BMI and those ≥30 years old.
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Avascular necrosis of femoral head (AVNFH) is a debilitating disease of the young, affecting the quality of life significantly and eventually leading to total hip replacement surgery. The disease is diagnosed clinico-radiologically and MRI is the investigation of choice to diagnose the early stages of the disease. There is neither an early biomarker for detection nor is there a permanent cure for the disease and most of the patients are managed with various combinations of surgical and medical management protocols. ⋯ The cell types involved include mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, endothelial and immune cells. Biochemical, hematological, histopathology, IHC, and other bone remodeling and degradation marker studies have been performed. A systems analysis using multi-omic data sets from published literature was carried out, the relevance of which is discussed to delineate potential mechanisms in etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and effective management of this debilitating disease.