Head & neck
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Multicenter Study
Tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, betel quid chewing, and the risk of head and neck cancer in an East Asian population.
The smoking prevalence among men in China is high, but the head and neck cancer incidence rates are low. This study's purpose was to investigate the impact of tobacco, betel quid, and alcohol on head and neck cancer risk in East Asia. ⋯ Betel quid chewing is the strongest risk factor for oral cavity cancer in this Chinese population. Alcohol may play a larger role for head and neck cancer in this population than in European or U.S.
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Recent guidelines advocate unilateral thyroidectomy for low-risk 1-cm to 4-cm differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). This study was designed to examine the association between the extent of thyroidectomy and oncologic outcomes in patients with 1-cm to 4-cm DTC. ⋯ Although extent of thyroidectomy does not affect DSS, total thyroidectomy is beneficial for reducing recurrence in patients with 1-cm to 4-cm DTC. However, if such tumors have such low-risk features as being unifocal, intrathyroidal, and lymph node metastasis-negative, extent of thyroidectomy does not affect oncologic outcome and lobectomy may be sufficient.
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Comparative Study
Lingual lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and the floor of the mouth.
The treatment failure for oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) frequently takes the form of local and regional recurrences. We investigated the role of lingual lymph nodes (LLNs) in the recurrence of SCC of the tongue and the floor of the mouth. ⋯ LLNs are rare in patients with SCC of the tongue and the floor of the mouth, and they would be ready to be omitted. The dissection of these LLNs would be of benefit to those patients with advanced pathological grade.
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Revision parathyroid is challenging due to possible diagnostic uncertainty as well as the technical challenges it can present. ⋯ Reoperative parathyroid surgery is best avoided if possible. Our literature search and subsequent recommendations found that these cases are best managed by experienced surgeons using precision preoperative localization, intraoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH), and the team approach.
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Postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is considered standard of care in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer with positive margins and/or extracapsular extension (ECE). ⋯ Postoperative CRT seems underutilized with positive margins and/or ECE and overutilized without positive margins and/or ECE. The CRT was associated with improved OS but the benefit persisted only in the subset with positive margins and/or ECE.