Journal of internal medicine
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Current evidence regarding the mortality outcomes associated with calcium supplementation with or without low-dose vitamin D is conflicting. ⋯ In combination with calcium, vitamin D supplementation provides better outcomes for all-cause mortality, particularly CVD-associated mortality, in a duration-dependent manner.
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Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a frequent cause of hypertension. Aldosterone excess together with high dietary salt intake aggravates cardiovascular damage, despite guideline-recommended mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) treatment. ⋯ A moderate restriction of dietary salt intake in patients with PA substantially reduces BP and depressive symptoms. Moreover, the findings underline that a sufficient RAAS blockade seems to augment the effects of salt restriction on BP and cardiovascular risk.
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Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) is the most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI). Despite its exceptionally high heritability, tools to estimate disease susceptibility in individual patients are lacking. We hypothesized that polygenic risk score (PRS) for AAD could help investigate PAI pathogenesis in pediatric patients. ⋯ The PRS performed well for case-control differentiation and susceptibility estimation in individual patients. Remarkably, a PRS for AAD holds promise as a means to detect disease etiologies other than autoimmunity.