Journal of anesthesia
-
Journal of anesthesia · Sep 1994
The effect of prostaglandin E1 on the increase of serum lactate and plasma granulocyte elastase activity during radical surgery for esophageal cancer.
Serum lactate concentrations and the lactate/pyruvate (L/P) ratio were measured in two groups of patients undergoing radical esophagectomy, as an indicator of tissue hypoxia, and β-glucuronidase and granulocyte elastase as indicators of tissue damage. One group received prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and the other group received nothing. Serum lactate concentrations and the L/P ratio increased significantly 30 min after starting thoracotomy in the patients who were not treated with PGE1. ⋯ There was no change in serum β-glucuronidase activity in both groups. This study suggests that low doses of PGE1 maintain organ blood flow without affecting blood pressure. However, these low doses of PGE1 could not suppress granulocyte elastase release.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Sep 1994
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Airway occlusion pressure is an indicator of respiratory depression with isoflurane.
The purpose of this study was to elucidate the respiratory depressant effects of isoflurane (0%-1.0%) using airway occlusion pressure (P0.1), a known index of the output of the respiratory centers, in ten anesthetized patients. P0.1 was measured as the pressure change obtained after the first 0.1 sec of spontaneous inspiration against the occluded airway. A significant decrease in minute volume ([Formula: see text]) and a significant increase in PaCO 2 were not observed during the periods of isoflurane 1.0% at the end-tidal concentration compared with those of control period (0% isoflurane) (P<0.05), whereas a significant decrease in P0.1 was observed during the period of isoflurane 0.5%. Our results suggested that P0.1 was a more sensitive indicator of respiratory depression than PaCO 2 or[Formula: see text], and the respiratory center was depressed with a considerably lower concentration (0.5%) of isoflurane.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Sep 1994
Lumbar epidural block reduces cough strength in healthy young subjects.
Effects of lumbar epidural block on maximum expiratory strength were studied in 12 healthy volunteers. Subjects performed maximum expiratory effort against occluded airway at functional residual capacity (FRC) and total lung capacity (TLC) while measuring airway pressure and electromyogram of the abdominal muscles (EMGab). Cough strength was assessed by maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax) and peak EMGab (peak-EMGab). ⋯ Compared with severe reduction in peak-EMGab, PEmax was well maintained at TLC, but changes in PEmax were identical to those in peak-EMGab at FRC. When analgesia spread to higher than T6, PEmax at TLC decreased considerably. We conclude that lumbar epidural block producing analgesia above T6 paralyzes the abdominal muscles and severely impairs the ability of effective cough in healthy young men.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Sep 1994
Crossover effects of acidosis on the recovery of neuronal function following glucose-oxygen deprivation in rat hippocampal slices.
The present study was designed to determine whether acidosis modifies the effect of simulated ischemia on neuronal function. Hippocampal evoked potentials were recorded in vitro from the CA1 region after stimulation of the Schaffer collaterals and the change in the evoked potentials was analyzed in response to glucose-oxygen deprivation under variable acid-base conditions ranging from pH 7.4 to pH 4.5. ⋯ The recovery of PS amplitude during recovery from glucose-oxygen deprivation was not significantly inhibited by moderate acidosis of pH 6 and 5.5 but was significantly inhibited when the pH was 5 or lower. The results suggest that severe acidosis may depress PS amplitude and prevent their recovery after reversal of glucose-oxygen deprivation, and that moderate acidosis may have no significant effect on PS amplitudes on their recovery.
-
Journal of anesthesia · Sep 1994
The effect of pentobarbital sodium on the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
The effect of intravenously administered pentobarbital sodium on the activity of single unit in Rexed lamina V of the transected feline lumbar spinal cord was studied using an extracellular microelectrode recording technique. Pentobarbital sodium 1.0 mg·kg(-1), 2.5 mg·kg(-1), and 5.0 mg·kg(-1) administered intravenously suppressed both the spontaneous and the evoked activity in Rexed lamina V cells, known to respond principally to noxious stimuli, in a dose-dependent manner. ⋯ We conclude that pentobarbital sodium intravenously administered has a suppressive effect on single unit activity of cells in Rexed lamina V and probably has an analgesic effect. Its suppressive effect is dose-dependent.