Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Sep 1994
A comparative study of the efficacy of postoperative analgesia with intraoperative epidural lidocaine with or without morphine.
We compared postoperative analgesia in 15 patients (group A) who were given intraoperative epidural morphine 3 mg and lidocaine 150 mg after laminectomy/discectomy with that of 15 patients (group B) who were given only epidural lidocaine 150 mg. Epidural administration was accomplished by direct placement of the epidural catheter into the epidural space under direct vision during surgery. ⋯ There was no difference in the observed side effects in the two groups. We conclude that postoperative pain relief following laminectomy/discectomy is superior when epidural morphine is added to lidocaine than when lidocaine is being used alone.
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Journal of anesthesia · Sep 1994
Comparative study on the effects of acetated Ringer's solution, lactated Ringer's solution, Ringer's solution, and 5% glucose-acetated Ringer's solution on canine hemorrhagic shock.
The abilities of acetated Ringer's solution (AR), lactated Ringer's solution (LR), Ringer's solution (R), and 5% glucose-acetated Ringer's solution (AR-D) to improve canine hemorrhagic shock were investigated. All solutions studied were infused at 1 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1) for 90 min after base excess (BE) reached about -13 mEq·l(-1) by maintaining the mean blood pressure (MBP) at 40 mmHg. MBP, renal blood flow (RBF), vertebral blood flow (VBF), and urinary output significantly increased after the start of infusion of AR, LR, R, and AR-D. ⋯ These results indicate that the effectiveness of various infusion solutions such as AR, LR, R, and AR-D during canine hemorrhagic shock varies. AR-D may be useful for increasing both peripheral blood flow and urine output. AR may also be useful for improvement in metabolic acidosis and surgical diabetes induced by hemorrhagic shock.
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Journal of anesthesia · Sep 1994
Tolerance to the mydriatic effect of buprenorphine, butorphanol, nalbuphine, and cyclorphan, and cross-tolerance to morphine in mice.
An increase in the use of opioid derivatives in the treatment of pain syndrome in clinical practice, and especially in the treatment of cancer, has added impetus to the search for an agent which does not induce tolerance and cross-tolerance to other opiodis. The mydriatic effect of opioids in mice, the correlation between analgesia and mydriasis, and tolerance to the analgesic effect of morphine in mice were evaluated previously. ⋯ Tolerance and cross-tolerance to morphine were developed following a chronic use of buprenorphine, nalbuphine, and cyclorphan. After chronic injection of butorphanol, no tolerance or cross-tolerance to morphine was observed.