Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA randomized comparison of the i-gel and the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway in pediatric patients: performance and fiberoptic findings.
We compared the insertion performance of the pediatric size 1.5-3 i-gel airway device with that of the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) in anesthetized children in a prospective, randomized, controlled manner. ⋯ Both the pediatric i-gel and the PLMA were successfully inserted in children. The fiberoptic view was better with the i-gel than with the PLMA.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialEpinephrine decreases the dose of hyperbaric bupivacaine necessary for tourniquet pain blockade during spinal anesthesia for total knee replacement arthroplasty.
We quantified the dose-sparing effect of epinephrine by comparing the median effective dose (ED(50)) of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine co-administered with epinephrine with the ED(50) of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine alone. ⋯ Intrathecal epinephrine did not decrease the dose of intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine required for successful anesthesia. However, it reduced the dose required for tourniquet pain blockade.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of pretreatment with a small dose of dexmedetomidine on sufentanil-induced cough during anesthetic induction.
We aimed to investigate the effects of pretreatment with a small dose of dexmedetomidine on the cough caused by sufentanil during anesthetic induction. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine at 0.10, 0.25, and 0.50 μg/kg significantly reduced the incidence of sufentanil-induced cough during anesthetic induction, with the effect being most marked for 0.10 μg/kg dexmedetomidine.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2013
Dual modulation of the T-cell receptor-activated signal transduction pathway by morphine in human T lymphocytes.
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of morphine on the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), both of which play crucial roles in T-cell activation. ⋯ Morphine enhances ERK signaling, whereas it inhibits NF-κB signaling in activated human T cells. These effects of morphine are unlikely to be mediated by known opioid receptors.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2013
Day zero ambulation under modified femoral nerve block after minimally invasive surgery for total knee arthroplasty: preliminary report.
Ambulation in the early postoperative period of total knee arthroplasty is crucial, in order to avoid complications and obtain preferable outcomes. Although a femoral nerve block can provide enough postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty, falling, or other accidents due to motor paresis, are potentially adverse events in patients who have received a conventional femoral nerve block. We devised a modified femoral nerve block to spare voluntary knee extension ability, and clinically applied it to patients who received total knee arthroplasty under minimally invasive surgery. ⋯ Patients were able to not only actively raise their extremities with their knee in extension, but also to flex the knee in the air without pain or aggravation. On day 0, the patients were able to walk around, with the leg that had been operated upon not giving way. Our anesthetic approach can provide better pain relief than a conventional femoral nerve block, while the patients achieve ambulation on the day of the procedure, following minimally invasive knee surgery.