Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialComparison of the use of the Valsalva maneuver and the eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA®) to relieve venipuncture pain: a randomized controlled trial.
Intravenous cannulation is a painful and stressful procedure. The objective of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of the eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA(®)) with that of the Valsalva maneuver in adult patients during i.v. cannulation. ⋯ The Valsalva maneuver yields similar results to the EMLA(®) in terms of pain reduction during venipuncture.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialLevosimendan is superior to dobutamine as an inodilator in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension for children undergoing cardiac surgery.
To compare the effectiveness of levosimendan and dobutamine in reducing pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and increasing cardiac output for children undergoing cardiac surgery. ⋯ Levosimendan is better than dobutamine for treatment of pulmonary hypertension of children undergoing cardiac surgery.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2013
Analysis of prehospital endotracheal intubation performed by emergency physicians: retrospective survey of a single emergency medical center in Japan.
Advanced airway management in the prehospital setting is a serious issue in Japan because emergency medical technicians are not authorized to perform such management, whereas physicians-who are authorized to perform advanced airway management-do not usually engage in prehospital emergency medical activity. The purpose of this investigation was to investigate the success rate for endotracheal intubation (ETI) procedures and other methods of airway management employed by physicians in the prehospital setting in a single institution, as well as to examine the risk factors associated with difficult or failed endotracheal intubation (D/F ETI). ⋯ The success rate for ETI performed by physicians in the prehospital setting at a single emergency medical center was high, and the incidence of D/F ETI was 4.31 %. The success rate for ETI in the CPA group was greater than that in the non-CPA group.
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Journal of anesthesia · Jun 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effects of single-dose intravenous dexmedetomidine on hyperbaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia.
Dexmedetomidine, a selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist, has analgesic and sedative effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of small, single-dose intravenous dexmedetomidine administration after hyperbaric bupivacaine spinal anesthesia. ⋯ Single-dose intravenous dexmedetomidine 0.25-0.5 μg/kg, administered 5 min after intrathecal injection of hyperbaric bupivacaine, improved the duration of spinal anesthesia without significant side effects. This method may be useful for increasing the duration of spinal anesthesia, even after intrathecal injection of local anesthetics.