Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialDezocine pretreatment prevents myoclonus induced by etomidate: a randomized, double-blinded controlled trial.
The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of dezocine on the incidence and severity of myoclonus induced by etomidate. Patients (108) were randomly assigned to one of two groups to receive either 0.1 mg kg(-1) of dezocine (n = 54; Group D) or saline (n = 54; Group S) intravenously 1 min before 0.3 mg kg(-1) etomidate was given. ⋯ The incidence and the intensity of myoclonus were significantly lower in Group D (0 %) than in Group S (75.9 %) (P < 0.01), and all patients showed stable cardiovascular profiles. The results suggest that infusion of 0.1 mg kg(-1) dezocine 1 min before etomidate administration is effective for suppressing myoclonus induced by etomidate during induction of general anesthesia without significant side-effects.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2015
Biography Historical ArticleManagement of patients under general anesthesia with mafutsu-san in Hanaoka-style surgery: comparisons of illustrations from Geka-Kihai-Zufu with descriptions from Mafutsuto-Ron and Yohka-Hiroku.
Seishu Hanaoka (1760-1835) left behind no books that he himself had written. This is why many aspects of Hanaoka-style general anesthesia using a mixture of herbal extracts, which he called mafutsu-san, remain unknown. We are able to learn about this technique today because there are several descriptions of it in books written by his students, such as Mafutsuto-Ron ("Treatise on Mafutsuto") by Gendai Kamata (1794-1854) and Yohka-Hiroku ("Secret Records of Surgery") by Gencho Homma (1804-1872). On the other hand, Geka-Kihai-Zufu ("Illustrations of Surgical Cases"), a surgical textbook, by Gendai Kamata, containing one of the oldest illustrations of general anesthesia published in 1840, was recently rediscovered (2011). For the first time, this book revealed, in the form of a picture image, the actual circumstances of Hanaoka-style general anesthesia. ⋯ We found that the circumstances under which Hanaoka-style general anesthesia, using fabrics and futon mattresses, as well as blindfolding and constraining the patient's body during surgery, were exactly as described in Mafutsuto-Ron and Yohka-Hiroku. In addition, besides a surgeon conducting an operation, there was a physician who observed the patient's general condition. Gendai Kamata, the author of Geka-Kihai-Zufu, is believed to have recognized the importance of anesthetic care of surgical patients.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2015
Perioperative complications of cochlear implant surgery in children.
Cochlear implant is a commonly performed surgery for hearing loss in pre-school and school children. However, data on anesthesia management and anesthesia-related complications are sparse. We retrospectively reviewed the data of our institute from January, 2007 to December, 2012. ⋯ Major surgical complications were CSF leak without meningitis (3.15 %), device migration/failure (1.05 %), and flap infection (1.57 %). Cochlear implant under general anesthesia in small children is safe and anesthesia-related complications were minimal. Surgical complications, although more frequent, were predominantly minor and self-limiting.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2015
Letter Case ReportsAn unusual postoperative cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Journal of anesthesia · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of palonosetron in the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting over a 72-h period.
We performed a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial to assess the efficacy and safety of a single, fixed, intravenous dose of palonosetron (0.075 mg) in the treatment of established postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). ⋯ A single 0.075 mg IV dose of palonosetron effectively increased the CR rates at 24 and 72 h in these moderate-risk patients with established PONV.