Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2017
Nitrite administration improves sepsis-induced myocardial and mitochondrial dysfunction by modulating stress signal responses.
A specific therapeutic strategy in sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction remains to be determined. Nitrite may have cardioprotective effects against sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction. This study investigated the cardioprotective effects of nitrite on myocardial function, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and its underlying molecular mechanisms in severe septic rats. ⋯ Our results showed that a moderate nitrite dose improved septic myocardial dysfunction at organ, cellular, and molecular levels via modulation of stress signal responses, which resulted in an improvement in survival.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialEndotracheal intubation: ultrasound-guided versus fiberscope in patients with cervical spine immobilization.
Ultrasound has growing applications in airway management during anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of real-time ultrasound-guided tracheal intubation in patients with cervical spine immobilization relative to fiberscope-guided tracheal intubation. ⋯ PACTR201602001476292.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of pregabalin on postoperative pain after hysterectomy under spinal anesthesia with intrathecal morphine: a randomized controlled trial.
To determine if preoperative pregabalin could decrease 24-h postoperative morphine consumption after spinal anesthesia with intrathecal morphine compared with placebo. ⋯ A single preoperative dose of pregabalin 150 mg did not reduce 24-h postoperative morphine consumption or pain scores or prolong the time to first analgesic rescue in spinal anesthesia with intrathecal morphine.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2017
Effects of short-term exposure to sevoflurane on the survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of neural precursor cells derived from human embryonic stem cells.
Data from animal experiments suggest that exposure to general anesthetics in early life inhibits neurogenesis and causes long-term memory deficit. Considering short operating times and the popularity of sevoflurane in pediatric anesthesia, it is important to verify the effects of short-period exposure to sevoflurane on the developing brain. ⋯ Clinically relevant treatment with sevoflurane for 2 h induces no significant changes in the survival, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of human neural precursor cells, although supraclinical doses of sevoflurane do alter human neurogenesis transiently.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2017
Important role of calcium chloride in preventing carbon monoxide generation during desflurane degradation with alkali hydroxide-free carbon dioxide absorbents.
We investigated whether calcium chloride (CaCl2), a supplementary additive in carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbents, could affect carbon monoxide (CO) production caused by desflurane degradation, using a Japanese alkali-free CO2 absorbent Yabashi Lime®-f (YL-f), its CaCl2-free and 1% CaCl2-added derivatives, and other commercially available alkali-free absorbents with or without CaCl2. The reaction between 1 L of desflurane gas (3-10%) and 20 g of desiccated specimen was performed in an artificial closed-circuit anesthesia system for 3 min at 20 or 40 °C. The CO concentration was measured using a gas chromatograph equipped with a semiconductor sensor detector. ⋯ Compared with YL-f, the CaCl2-free derivative caused the production of significantly more CO, while the 1% CaCl2-added derivative caused the production of a comparable amount of CO. These phenomena were confirmed using commercially available absorbents AMSORB® PLUS, an alkali-free absorbent with CaCl2, and LoFloSorb™, an alkali-free absorbent without CaCl2. These results suggest that CaCl2 plays an important role in preventing CO generation caused by desflurane degradation with alkali hydroxide-free CO2 absorbents like YL-f.