Journal of anesthesia
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Journal of anesthesia · Aug 2018
Comparative StudyComparison of a new simplified acid-base tool to the original Stewart-Figge approach: a study on cardiac surgical patients.
To suggest a simplified method for strong ion gap ([SIG]) calculation. ⋯ The [BICgap] model bears a very good agreement with the [SIG] model while being simpler and easier to apply at the bedside. [BICgap] could be used as an alternative tool for the diagnosis of unmeasured ion acidosis.
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Journal of anesthesia · Aug 2018
Multicenter StudyThe impact of low body mass index on postoperative outcomes in pancreatectomy patients: a retrospective analysis of Japanese administrative data.
To comparatively examine in-hospital mortality among different underweight body mass index (BMI) categories in pancreatic cancer patients after pancreatectomy in Japan. ⋯ Severe thinness was significantly associated with a higher risk of mortality, and extremely low BMI should be considered a risk factor in pancreatectomy patients.
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Journal of anesthesia · Aug 2018
ReviewThe history and progress of local anesthesia: multiple approaches to elongate the action.
Analgesia and temporary inhibition of motor activity without interfering with central nervous function have been the essential merits of local anesthesia. Local anesthetics originated from cocaine have played a major role in local analgesia. ⋯ Such approach includes: development of long-acting local anesthetics, with physical tourniquet techniques, co-administration of other medicines such as vaso-constrictive agents or analgesics, development of mechanical devices to continuously or intermittently administer local anesthetics, and utilization of pharmaceutical drug delivery systems. In this review, the historical sequence of studies that have been performed in an effort to elongate the action of local anesthetics is presented, referring to epoch-making medical and scientific studies.
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Journal of anesthesia · Aug 2018
Curvature of the left main bronchus caused by postural change from supine to left lateral position.
This study was designed to examine deviation of the bronchus by postural change from supine to lateral position during spontaneous respiration. Fifteen healthy volunteers [13 men and 2 women, mean age: 34 years (range 26-42)] participated. Chest radiograms (anterior-posterior) were acquired in the order of supine, left lateral, and right lateral position. ⋯ The left secondary carina angle in the supine position was 61.3° ± 4.0° and it significantly increased to 65.5° ± 6.0° in the left lateral position (P = 0.001), but no significant difference was noted in the left bronchus angle between the supine and left lateral positions (P = 0.158). The curvature of left main bronchus, which we defined more than 5° increase in secondary carina angle, was observed in a half of the male participants during left lateral position. We should be aware of these anatomical changes due to the surgical posture as a possible cause for ventilation failure during one-lung ventilation.
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Journal of anesthesia · Aug 2018
Effects of cardiac output on the onset of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block in elderly patients.
The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between the onset of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block and arterial pressure-based cardiac output (CO) in elderly patients. ⋯ In the elderly, CO influences the onset of action of rocuronium.