Annals of medicine
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Seasonal variation in glucose metabolism might be driven by changes in daylight. Melatonin entrains circadian regulation and is directly associated with daylight. The relationship between melatonin receptor 1B gene variants with glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes is well established. We studied if daylight length was associated with glycemic traits and if it modified the relationship between melatonin receptor 1B gene rs10830963 variant and glycemic traits. ⋯ Our study shows that individual glycemic profiles may vary according to daylight, MTNR1B genotype and their interaction. Future studies may consider taking daylight length into account. Key messages In Western Finland, the amount daylight follows an extensive annual variation ranging from 4 h 44 min to 20 h 17 min, making it ideal to study the associations between daylight and glycemic traits. Moreover, this allows researchers to explore if the relationship between the melatonin receptor 1B gene rs10830963 variant and glycemic traits is modified by the amount of daylight both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. This study shows that individuals, who participated in the study on lighter days at the follow-up than at the baseline, displayed to a greater extent worse glycemic profiles across the follow-up. Novel findings from the current study show that in the longitudinal analyses, each addition of the minor G allele of the melatonin receptor 1B gene rs10830963 was associated with worsening of fasting glucose values and insulin secretion across the 6.8-year follow-up. Importantly, this study shows that in those with the rs10830963 GG genotype, insulin sensitivity deteriorated the most significantly across the 6.8-year follow-up if the daylight length on the oral glucose tolerance testing date at the follow-up was shorter than at the baseline. Taken together, the current findings suggest that the amount of daylight may affect glycemic traits, especially fasting glucose and insulin secretion even though the effect size is small. The association can very according to the rs10830963 risk variant. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind these associations.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Efficacy and safety of intravenous esmolol for cardiac protection in non-cardiac surgery. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Haemodynamic instability predisposes patients to cardiac complications in non-cardiac surgery. Esmolol, a short-acting cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocker might be efficient in perioperative cardiac protection, but could affect other vital organs, such as the kidneys, and post-discharge survival. We performed a systematic review on the use of esmolol for perioperative cardiac protection. ⋯ Key messages Short-acting cardioselective esmolol seems efficient in the prevention of perioperative myocardial ischaemia. The possibly increased risk of bradycardia and hypotension with short-acting intravenous beta blockade could not be confirmed or refuted by available data. Future adequately powered trials investigating the effect of β1-selective blockade on clinically relevant outcomes and non-cardiac vital organs are warranted.
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Comparative Study
Cardiovascular health in urban Chinese children and adolescents.
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death and disease burden in China and worldwide. We aimed to evaluate the status of cardiovascular health among urban Chinese children and adolescents. ⋯ The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health in urban Chinese children and adolescents is extremely low, particularly for physical activity and healthy dietary intake. Effective public health interventions are required to improve cardiovascular health in children and adolescents to reduce future cardiovascular risk. Key messages Ideal health diet score was the least prevalent health component among urban Chinese children and adolescents The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health in urban Chinese children and adolescents was extremely low Effective public health interventions are required to improve cardiovascular health in children and adolescents to reduce future cardiovascular risk.
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Comparative Study
A new prediction model for assessing the clinical outcomes of ICU patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a decision tree analysis.
We aimed to develop a new scoring index based on decision-tree analysis to predict clinical outcomes of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). ⋯ The new CART prediction model has higher specificity and better receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves than CURB-65 and SOAR score indices although its accuracy and sensitivity are only moderately better than the other systems. Key messages The new CART prediction model has higher specificity and better ROC curves than CURB-65 and SOAR score indices. However, accuracy and sensitivity of the new CART prediction model are only moderately better than the other systems in predicting 30-day mortality in CAP patients.