Annals of medicine
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Weight loss via a low-carbohydrate diet improved the intestinal permeability marker, zonulin, in prostate cancer patients.
Accumulating evidence suggest that gut microbiota may impact urologic health including prostate cancer (PC), potentially via affecting intestinal permeability (IP). Studies have indicated that disrupted IP may be improved by healthy diets and weight loss. In the Carbohydrate and Prostate Study 2 (CAPS2) clinical trial, which showed that a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) reduced weight significantly in men with PC and suggestively slowed PC disease progression, we explored the impact of LCD on an IP marker, zonulin and an inflammation marker, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). ⋯ Future studies are merited to examine further the potential association of IP with inflammation and to clarify if improvement in IP is associated with decreased PC progression. Trial registration: NCT01763944. KEY MESSAGESGut microbiota may impact urologic health including prostate cancer, potentially via affecting intestinal permeability.Weight loss significantly improved intestinal permeability in prostate cancer patients.Improvement in intestinal permeability was associated with slowed prostate cancer progression as indicated by the PSA doubling time.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Diagnostic accuracy of linked colour imaging versus white light imaging for early gastric cancers: a prospective, multicentre, randomized controlled trial study.
Linked colour imaging (LCI) is a novel new image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) technology that produces bright and vivid images. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of LCI to improve the diagnostic accuracy of early gastric cancer (EGC) relative to white light imaging (WLI). ⋯ LCI has better accuracy and shorter examination time in diagnosing EGC than WLI (Clinical trial registration: NCT03092414).Key messagesCompared with white light imaging (WLI), the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity increased by using LCI.More lesions were detected by LCI alone than by WLI alone, especially among differentiated EGC.LCI may be used as a screening tool for routine clinical observation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
The prospective multiple-centre randomized controlled clinical study of high-dose amoxicillin-proton pump inhibitor dual therapy for H. pylori infection in Sichuan areas.
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-dose amoxicillin-proton pump inhibitor dual therapy, and to provide a new eradication regimen as a first-line option for patients with H. pylori infection. ⋯ For the initial treatment of H. pylori infection, the high-dose dual therapy regimen has the same efficacy as the bismuth-containing quadruple therapy regimen, good compliance, less adverse reactions and high safety, so it can be recommended as the empirical first-line treatment regimen for the eradication of H. pylori (KY2019173).
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A prospective randomized clinical trial of active-fluidics versus gravity-fluidics system in phacoemulsification for age-related cataract (AGSPC).
To figure out the efficacy, effects, safety and patient's subjective perceptions of phacoemulsification with the active-fluidics system (AFS). ⋯ AFS improves the efficiency, effects, safety and patients' subjective perceptions of phacoemulsification compared with GFS. It is worthwhile to promote its application in cataract surgery.KEY MESSAGESThe active-fluidics system automatically detects and maintains stable intraocular pressure at the set value.The active-fluidics system improves the efficiency, effects, safety and patients' subjective perceptions in phacoemulsification.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
An open-label non-inferiority randomized trail comparing the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound-guided selective cervical nerve root block and fluoroscopy-guided cervical transforaminal epidural block for cervical radiculopathy.
To compare therapeutic efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided selective nerve root block (SNRB) and fluoroscopy (FL)-guided transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) for cervical spine radiculopathy (CSR). ⋯ Compared with the FL group, the US group provided a non-inferior accuracy rate of epidural/foraminal contrast pattern. For the treatment of CSR, the US technique provided similar pain relief and functional improvements while facilitating distinguishing critical vessels adjacent to the foramen and requiring a shorter procedure duration without exposure to radiation. Therefore, it was an attractive alternative to the conventional FL method.Key messagesWe conducted a prospective, open-label, randomised and non-inferiority clinical trial to estimate a hypothesis that the precisely accurate delivery through ultrasound (US)-guided cervical selective nerve root block (SNRB) was non-inferior to that using FL-guided transforaminal epidural steroid injection. Additionally, US-guided SNRB was as effective as FL-guided TFESI in the treatment effect on pain relief and function improvements. Notably, the US technique might be an alternative to the conventional FL method due to the ability to prevent inadvertent vascular puncture (VP) and intravascular injection (IVI) with a shorter administration time and absence of radiation exposure.