Annals of medicine
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Orofacial clefts are the most common congenital malformation, but the global burden and trends of orofacial clefts have not been comprehensively analysed. The aim of this study was to assess the global incidence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of orofacial clefts by countries, regions, sex and sociodemographic index (SDI) from 1990 to 2019. ⋯ Global achievement is evident in the control of the burden of orofacial clefts. The future focus of prevention should be on low-income countries, such as South Asia and Africa, by increasing healthcare resources and improving quality.KEY MESSAGESThis is the most recent estimate of the global epidemiology of orofacial clefts, with some countries not previously assessed.The global burden of orofacial clefts showed downward trends from 1990 to 2019; however, some low-income countries are still suffering from increasing burdens.Effective measures should be taken to reduce the burden of orofacial clefts in the uncontrolled regions.
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TURKOVAC™ is a whole-virion inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, which was developed and recently granted emergency use authorization (conditional marketing authorization) in Türkiye. The objective of this study is to assess the spectrum and the distribution of adverse events reported following the administration of the first 150,000 doses as primary and booster vaccine doses in 22 state hospitals of 17 provinces in Türkiye. ⋯ In this study, we conducted a rapid assessment of adverse events following the first dose of the TURKOVAC vaccine. The vaccine appears to have a good safety profile in the first 7 days following vaccination. Younger age, vaccine dose, and female sex are associated with any adverse event and pain (on the injection site). These results present valuable information for the community and may contribute to increasing vaccine confidence.KEY MESSAGESAs a whole-virion inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, the TURKOVAC™ vaccine, which has a favorable safety profile, can be an alternative to other COVID-19 vaccines including mRNA and viral vector vaccines.
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The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the application of learning strategies and the emergence of higher-order learning behaviours among medical students in Chinese provincial undergraduate colleges, while also examining the impact of social demographic variables on the development of higher-order learning behaviours and learning strategy preferences. ⋯ The study has demonstrated a positive correlation between the utilization of learning strategies and the development of higher-order learning behaviours. This relationship has been observed in medical students attending provincial undergraduate colleges, where the adoption of enquiry-based, receptive, integrative and collaborative learning strategies has been found to significantly influence the emergence of higher-order learning behaviours.KEY MESSAGESThe implementation of learning strategies among medical students in provincial undergraduate colleges in China has a significant impact on high-level learning behaviours.The impact of high-level learning behaviours is reliant on comprehensive support from four distinct learning strategies: receptive learning, inquiry-based learning, comprehensive learning and collaborative learning.One of the most impactful learning strategies is receptive learning, particularly on high-order learning behaviours. On the other hand, reflective learning does not seem to have a significant effect.Changes in grades can significantly impact higher-order learning behaviours and affect the propensity for reflective and collaborative learning strategies.Females generally exhibit a greater preference for receptive learning strategies, while males tend to exhibit a greater preference for inquiry-based learning strategies.
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The role of stress hyperglycemia in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has long been emphasized. Recently, the stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), a novel index reflecting an acute glycemia rise, has shown a good predictive value in AMI. However, its prognostic power in myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) remains unclear. ⋯ The SHR independently confers the cardiovascular risk after MINOCA, and may serve as a better predictor than glycemia at admission alone, particularly in those with diabetes.KEY MESSAGESStress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR) is independently associated with the prognosis in a distinct population with myocardial infarction with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA).SHR is a better predictor of prognosis than admission glycemia alone, especially in diabetic patients with MINOCA.SHR may serve as a prognostic marker for risk stratification as well as a potential target for tailored glucose-lowering treatment in MINOCA.
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The purpose of this study was to estimate the clinical efficacy and identify the best beneficiaries of postoperative adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (PA-TACE) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ⋯ We constructed a new PA-TACE-insensitivity prediction model with potential clinical value. The good predictive performance and availability would allow this model to effectively screen PA-TACE beneficiaries.KEY MESSAGESThe independent influencing factors of PA-TACE insensitivity in patients who received PA-TACE were analyzed to construct a predictive model and its clinical application performance was verified with multi-dimensional methods.PA-TACE treatment should be avoided for patients with high scores according to this model, while it should be cautiously recommended for patients with low scores after multiple considerations.Compared with other related models, this model has obvious advantages in versatility and effectiveness. It can effectively screen the best benefit population of PA-TACE and provide a reliable reference for the selection of precise treatment plans for patients after radical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma.