Annals of medicine
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Vascular calcification (VC) is one of the complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Previous studies have confirmed that oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in developing VC and that antioxidants have anti-VC effects. ⋯ Our findings indicate that a higher intake of diet-derived lycopene was independently associated with lower odds of having severe AAC in humans. Therefore, a high intake of diet-derived lycopene may help prevent severe AAC.
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We performed an umbrella meta-analysis to explore the factors that influence the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. ⋯ The results of this umbrella meta-analysis first supported pre-existing understandings of the relationship between beneficial and adverse factors with the efficacy of ICI therapy. In addition, the overexpression of PD-L1 may adversely affect patients.
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Severe renal impairment is a common complication of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) and is associated with poor prognosis and shorter survival. It is urgent to find effective treatments to improve the prognosis of AAV patients. This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of protein A immunoadsorption (PAIA) and therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) for AAV with severe renal involvement. ⋯ PAIA treatment reduces MPO-ANCA and IgG as well as mortality in AAV patients, and may be beneficial for severe AAV in clinical practice. Higher SCr, lower serum ALB or haemoglobin levels, age > 60, and failure to achieve remission at 6 months independently predict the ESRD or death of AAV patients with severe renal involvement.KEY MESSAGESCompared with therapeutic plasma exchange, protein A immunoadsorption treatment eliminates myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA) and IgG better and reduces mortality in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients with severe renal involvement.Higher serum creatinine, lower serum albumin or haemoglobin levels, age > 60, and failure to achieve remission at 6 months independently predict the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death of AAV patients with severe renal involvement.
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Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) T-cell therapy has been shown to have excellent efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). But many patients are refractory to anti-CD19-CAR T-cell therapy or relapse again. ⋯ Blinatumomab could be an effective and safe salvage therapy in patients with R/R B-ALL who failed/progressed after anti-CD19-CAR T therapy, even in R/R B-ALL patients without high expression of CD19 in B-ALL cells, patients with CNS leukemia or co-infection.Key messagesSome R/R B-ALL patients did not respond to anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy or had a disease progression again. Effective and safe salvage therapy for such patients remains to be explored.Blinatumomab could be an effective and safe salvage therapy in patients with R/R B-ALL who failed/progressed after anti-CD19-CAR T therapy, even in patients without high expression of CD19 in B-ALL cells.Blinatumomab could be an effective and safe salvage therapy in patients with R/R B-ALL who failed/progressed after anti-CD19-CAR T therapy, even in patients with CNS leukemia or co-infection.
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Bile acids play crucial roles in various metabolisms, as well as Lactobacillus in the intestine. But studies on their roles in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are still insufficient. The aim of this study was to investigate their role and potential association with the severity of coronary lesions and the prognosis of ACS. ⋯ The lower serum TBA and Lactobacillus level in ACS patients, especially in AMI, was independently linked to the risk of coronary lesions, all-cause death and cardiac death. In addition, according to our mediation model, serum TBA served as a partial intermediate in predicting coronary lesions and the risk of death by Lactobacillus, which is paramount to further exploring the mechanism of Lactobacillus and bile acids in ACS.KEY MESSAGESLower level of serum total bile acid (TBA) was highly associated with the severity of coronary lesions, myocardial damage, inflammation and gut Lactobacillus in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, especially in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Lower level of serum TBA was highly associated with mortality (including all-cause death and cardiac death) in patients with ACS, especially with AMI.Serum TBA had a partial mediating effect rather than regulating effect between gut Lactobacillus and coronary lesions and prognosis of ACS.