Annals of medicine
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Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important part of tumour microenvironment, but its role in immunotherapy of gastric cancer (GC) is still needed to further study. In this study, we firstly distinguish the GC related CAFs via single cell sequencing dataset. CAFs in deep layers of GC tissues gain more developmental potential. ⋯ Key messagesGlypican-3 (GPC3) is up-regulated in the CAFs subgroups of the advanced gastric cancer. Gastric cancer patients with GPC3high CAFs have lower response rate to PD-1 therapy. Targeting GPC3high CAFs sensitizing the PD-1 blockage therapy in gastric cancer.
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Distinct lipid profile in haemolytic anaemia-related gallstones compared with the general gallstone.
Pigment gallstones are not uncommon among patients with chronic haemolytic anaemia. But their clinical characteristics have not been described in detail and not been directly compared with the general gallstone population. ⋯ The lipid profile of haemolytic anaemia with gallstones was distinct, low TC, low HDL, and increased-to-normal LDL, compared with the general gallstone population. Patients with haemolytic anaemia were recommended an abdominal ultrasound if aged older than 50 years, with more frequent follow-up visits.KEY MESSAGESClinical characteristics of gallstones following chronic haemolytic anaemia were described and compared with the general gallstone population.The lipid profiles were distinctly different between the patients with gallstones following chronic haemolytic anaemia and the general gallstone population.Elder patients were complicated with gallstones in a shorter period after anaemia and thus were recommended an abdominal ultrasound if aged older than 50 years, with more frequent follow-up visits.
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Pregnant women participated in multifaceted case management (MCM) to prevent Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). ⋯ At age five, proportionally fewer children of MCM participants qualified for a diagnosis of FAS, and proportionally more had physical outcomes indicating better prenatal brain development. Neurobehavioral indicators were not significantly different from controls by age five.KEY MESSAGESMultifaceted Case Management (MCM) was designed and employed for 18 months during the prenatal and immediate postpartum period to successfully meet multiple needs of women who had proven to be very high risk for birthing children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).Offspring of the women who participated in MCM were followed up through age five years and were found to have significantly better physical outcomes on multiple variables associated with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and FASD, such as larger head circumferences and fewer minor anomalies, than those children born to equally at-risk women not receiving MCM.Fewer children of women receiving MCM were diagnosed with FASD than the offspring of equally-at-risk controls, and significantly (p = .01) fewer MCM offspring had FAS, the most severe FASD diagnosis.
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Transcatheter (TC) atrial septal defect (ASD) closure has been the mainstay of therapy for secundum-type ASDs for over 20 years. ⋯ After TC closure of ASD, patients had a higher risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation and migraine than controls without ASD. As novel findings, we found an increased risk for ischemic heart disease, AV conduction disorders, and ventricular fibrillation/tachycardia.Key messagesEven though patients have an excellent overall prognosis after percutaneous ASD closure, the increased incidence of major comorbidities like atrial fibrillation and heart failure prompts more thorough lifelong follow-up.This study's novel findings revealed the increased risk for ischemic heart disease, AV conduction disorders, or ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation during the follow-up.Major complications after the closure are rare; erosion is seen in 0.4% of the patients and embolization in 1.0% of the patients.
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To assess the prognostic significance of skin involvement in breast cancer patients with chest wall recurrence (CWR). ⋯ Skin involvement was a predictor of poor disease control in patients with CWR and was closely related to persistent chest wall progression. We stratified the prognosis of individualized treatment for breast cancer patients with CWR to provide new insights into the biological behaviours of the disease.