Annals of medicine
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To appraise whether plasma exchange (PLEX) effectively improves visual function for acute optic neuritis (ON) in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). ⋯ There were inadequate data to determine whether PLEX effectively treats acute ON in NMO/NMOSD.
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Although vaccination with the Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine is important and effective in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the public expressed concerns regarding the adverse effects of vaccine on fertility. Some reviews have focused on it, they have been unable to collect sufficient research data because of the earlier publication period. ⋯ As to female without pregnancy, it is believed that vaccination will not affect fertility; however, more research is needed to explore the short-term impact. Vaccination during any trimester is considered safe in pregnant women.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of visual aid on state anxiety, fear and stress level in patients undergoing endoscopy: a randomized controlled trial.
The present study aimed to calculate the estimated size and confidence interval for the effects of adding visual aid to counselling on anxiety, stress and fear of patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The secondary aim was to calculate confidence interval for endoscopy-related variables that predict which patients are likely to benefit from visual aids. ⋯ The increase in anxiety, acute stress and fear related to endoscopic procedures can be alleviated with psychological counselling coupled with visual aids before the procedure. Visual aid could lead to supplementary benefits in reducing anxiety scores.
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Aim: To investigate the treatment of intractable epistaxis after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: This review focuses on the anatomy and pathophysiology, mechanism, and clinical treatments of epistaxis after NPC radiotherapy. Results: For treating NPC, radiation therapy is the primary therapeutic modality. ⋯ Treatment methods for NPC-related epistaxis include posterior nostril tamponade, endoscopic hemostasis, DSA, selective vascular embolization, and stent implantation. The use of a covered stent for NPC-related carotid blowout achieves hemostasis without altering blood perfusion. Effective and timely application of various hemostasis methods is key to improving the success rate of rescue, considering the characteristics of NPC-related epistaxis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Emergency decompression for patients with ureteral stones and SIRS: a prospective randomized clinical study.
Patients with ureteral calculi and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) often require emergency drainage, and percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) and retrograde ureteral stent insertion (RUSI) are the most commonly used methods. Our study aimed to identify the best choice (PCN or RUSI) for these patients and to examine the risk factors for progression to urosepsis after decompression. ⋯ PCN and RUSI were effective methods of emergency decompression in patients with ureteral stone and SIRS. Patients with pyonephrosis and a higher PCT should be carefully treated to prevent the progression to urosepsis after decompression.Key messageIn this study, we evaluate the best choice (PCN or RUSI) for patients who have ureteral stones and SIRS and to examine the risk factors for progression to urosepsis after decompression. This study found that PCN and RUSI were effective methods of emergency decompression. Pyonephrosis and higher PCT were risk factors for patients to develop to urosepsis after decompression.