Annals of medicine
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Adjuvant durvalumab after chemoradiation has become the standard of care for patients with stage III NSCLC, according to the PACIFIC trial. Whether biomarkers before durvalumab for patients with stage III NSCLC showed predictive and prognostic effects remains unknown. ⋯ It seems that PNI could be used as a predictor for OS in patients with stage III NSCLC treated with durvalumab after chemoradiation.KEY MESSAGESInadequate immunocompetence and nutritional status after chemoradiation therapy may result in poor antitumor efficacy of ICIs.Pretreatment immune and nutritional assessment using PNI could be considered an independent predictor for the survival of stage III NSCLC patients treated with durvalumab after chemoradiation therapy.
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Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a common cause for visual impairment in the ageing population. An increasing number of nAMD patients causes significant health burden, although intravitreal anti-VEGF agents have revolutionized nAMD treatment during the past 15 years. We aimed to define incidence and prevalence of nAMD in different age-categories in the anti-VEGF era and to estimate the number of the individuals over 75 years of age in 2050. ⋯ Our results indicate constant 1.2- and 2.4-fold increases in nAMD incidence during the past 15 years in age groups of 75-84 and 85-96 years, respectively, and 3% prevalence of nAMD in 2020. An almost two-fold increase in the ageing population by the year 2050 may also predict the trends in nAMD.KEY MESSAGESThe results of the current population-based study indicate 1.2- and 2.4-fold increases in the incidence of neovascular AMD (nAMD) during the last 15 years in the Finnish population aged 75-84 and 85-96 years and 3% prevalence of nAMD in 2020.An almost two-fold increase in the number of individuals over 75 years of age by the year 2050 is estimated, which may also predict the trends in nAMD.Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF)- agents have revolutionized the treatment and prognosis of nAMD. Timely recognition and referral of nAMD patients to ophthalmologist can ensure vision-related functionality especially among the ageing population.
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Probabilistic graphical modelling (PGM) can be used to predict risk at the individual patient level and show multiple outcomes and exposures in a single model. ⋯ The causal predictors of surgical outcome for DCM were sex, dementia and PreJOA score. Therefore, PGM may be a useful personalized medicine tool for predicting the outcome of patients with DCM.
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Lean Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) shares a similar disease burden to those of their overweight counterparts and should be detected early. We hypothesized that the adiponectin-leptin ratio (AL ratio) could be a good marker for early detection of lean NAFLD independent of insulin resistance. ⋯ The study revealed that the AL ratio could be a good biomarker to early distinguish lean NAFLD patients from lean controls independent of insulin resistance. [AQ3]Key messagesThe prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases globally and is related to liver diseases and metabolic dysfunctions. Lean subset of NAFLD shares a similar disease burden to those of their overweight counterparts and should be detected early.Adiponectin-leptin ratio were associated with the severity of steatosis and was a predictor of obese NAFLD better than each single adipokine. To date, there is no investigation that explores specifically for the relationship between lean NAFLD and AL ratio.Our study found that adiponectin-leptin ratio is a sole independent marker regardless of insulin resistance in lean NAFLD. Having lean NAFLD for the highest versus the lowest tertile of adiponectin-leptin ratio was 0.28(95%CI: 0.12-0.69) after adjustment of age, sex, current smoking, exercise habits, HOMA-IR and AST/ALT. ROC for the NAFLD performance is good for the early detection (0.85; 95% CI: 0.82-0.88). Further rigorous investigation is necessary and should be promptly performed.
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The purpose of this study is to explore the risk factors of gallbladder stone (GBS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and also develop a simple-to-use nomogram for GBS in patients with T2DM. ⋯ The nomogram is accurate to a certain degree and provides a clinical basis for predicting the incidence of GBS in patients with T2DM, which has a certain predictive value.