Pneumologie
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HIV-infection is characterized by a progressive immunodeficiency that predisposes affected persons to opportunistic infections and neoplasias. Pulmonary co-infections play a key role in HIV-infection as the airways are constantly exposed to aerosolized microorganisms during ventilation. In addition to the spectrum of microorganisms that are responsible for the development of community acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent hosts, persons with HIV-infection are vulnerable to infections with organisms that profit from the progressive cellular immune defects. ⋯ Following the HIV-pandemic, the incidence of tuberculosis has increased again in many areas of the world. The advent of antiretroviral therapies (ART) in recent years had resulted in a dramatic decrease of HIV-related morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. As a result of the reconstitution of the immune-system under ARTs the incidence of pulmonary co-infections has also declined substantially in persons living with HIV in countries where these therapies are available.
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Biography Historical Article
[Professor Dr. Joachim Schauer for his 65th birthday].
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
[Bupropion SR for weaning from smoking in relapsed smokers: results of an open multicentre trial in Germany].
After initially successful smoking cessation the majority of patients relapse which stresses the addiction character of nicotine dependence. The patient and the physician, in therapeutic nihilism will not make another attempt for smoking cessation. In two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in the US and Canada relapsed smokers, who had initially successfully quit smoking under Bupropion SR (Zyban), were again treated with Bupropion SR for smoking cessation. The encouraging results prompted us to perform a study in Germany under the conditions and temporal restraints of a routine medical practice. ⋯ Bupropion SR was effective and well tolerated when given as an aid in smoking cessation in relapsed smokers.
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Adaptive servo-ventilation (ASV) (AutoSetCS, ResMed) is a novel non-invasive ventilation modality for the treatment of Cheyne-Stokes-Respiration (CSR) in patients with heart failure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ASV on sleep disordered breathing (SDB), afternoon nap duration, urine voidings, and quality of life. ⋯ ASV is well tolerated and improves SDB and quality of life of patients with heart failure with CSR.