The Iowa orthopaedic journal
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Diabetic muscle infarction is a rare complication of diabetes mellitus that is not clearly defined in the orthopaedic literature. This study is a descriptive case series of 7 new cases of diabetic muscle infarction and 55 previously reported cases in the literature. In the majority of patients, diabetic muscle infarction presents as a localized, exquisitely painful swelling and limited range of motion of the lower extremity. ⋯ Pain management and activity restriction in the acute phase followed by gentle physical therapy is the treatment of choice. Recurrences in the same or opposite limb are common. Although the short-term prognosis is very good and the majority of cases resolve spontaneously, the long-term survival is uncertain in this patient population.
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Review
Blood management and patient specific transfusion options in total joint replacement surgery.
Strategies for blood management in the perioperative period of total joint replacement are changing with the better understanding of blood loss and blood replacement options in this population. The preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative options for blood management are outlined. Rationale for patient specific options are described.