Respiratory medicine
-
Respiratory medicine · Oct 2012
Comparative StudyAsynchronies and sleep disruption in neuromuscular patients under home noninvasive ventilation.
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) may improve quality of sleep but patient-ventilator asynchronies (PVA) may affect sleep structure. Possible changes in ventilation quality after hospital discharge are poorly known. ⋯ Most kinds of PVA are often associated with arousals. Polygraphic monitoring may help to improve ventilator setting. However, air leaks and autotriggerings may increase in unassisted environments. Therefore, it may be useful to extend control of NIV effects at home.
-
Respiratory medicine · Oct 2012
Prevalence of airway and parenchymal abnormalities in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis.
Pulmonary disease is a well recognised and important extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of airway and parenchymal abnormalities in newly diagnosed patients with RA and to correlate these with clinical measures of RA severity and laboratory tests. ⋯ Patients with newly diagnosed RA have a moderate prevalence of airway and parenchymal abnormalities on HRCT and lower than predicted lung function parameters which cannot entirely be explained by smoking. These data suggest that pulmonary involvement is present early in the disease course in RA.
-
Respiratory medicine · Oct 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of lung volume reduction surgery on chronotropic incompetence.
Chronotropic incompetence (CI) is a marker of poor prognosis in patients with COPD. Treatments that improve pulmonary function and exercise capacity may affect CI. Objectives are to evaluate CI before and after lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) and determine if changes in CI are associated with changes in pulmonary function and exercise capacity. ⋯ CI improves after LVRS in a population of patients with COPD. CI improvements are associated with the increases in pulmonary function and exercise capacity. This improvement is seen in a domain of known cardiopulmonary impairment prior to surgery that improves as a positive response to the therapy of LVRS.
-
Respiratory medicine · Oct 2012
The UCSD shortness of breath questionnaire has longitudinal construct validity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease that often causes disabling dyspnea. In IPF and other lung diseases, patient-reported outcomes (PROs)-questionnaires designed to gather information from the patient's perspective-can determine whether therapies affect dyspnea or other outcomes meaningful to patients. Before a PRO can be used confidently as an outcome measure in a longitudinal trial, studies must demonstrate the PRO's ability to capture change over time in the target population. Our goal in this study was to examine whether the UCSD Shortness of Breath Questionnaire does so in patients with IPF. ⋯ These results support the validity of the UCSD to assess change in dyspnea over time in patients with IPF.
-
Respiratory medicine · Oct 2012
Past dust and GAS/FUME exposure and COPD in Chinese: the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study.
The impact of occupational dust and gas/fume exposure on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in developing countries has not been quantified. We examined the relationship between past dust and fume exposure and prevalence of COPD and respiratory symptoms in a cross-sectional analysis of a large Chinese population sample. Participants in the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (n = 8216; 27.3% men, mean age 61.9 ± 6.8 years) had spirometry and a structured interview including exposures, symptoms, and lifestyle. ⋯ The overall population attributable fraction for COPD due to occupational exposure was 10.4% (95% CI -0.9%, 19.5%). Occupational dust and gas/fume exposure is associated with an increased prevalence of COPD in this Chinese sample, independent of smoking. The population attributable fraction in Chinese is similar to that in Western populations.