Respiratory medicine
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Respiratory medicine · Sep 2016
Effects of heated and humidified high flow gases during high-intensity constant-load exercise on severe COPD patients with ventilatory limitation.
High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) was shown to washout the anatomical dead space, permitting a higher fraction of minute ventilation to participate in gas pulmonary exchanges. Moreover, it is able to guarantee the desired inhaled oxygen fraction (FiO2) even at high level of patient's minute ventilation by minimizing the room air entrainment. The effect of HFNC has never been investigated on stable severe COPD patients in term of endurance capacity with standardised laboratory tests. ⋯ HFNC may improve the exercise performance in severe COPD patients with ventilatory limitation. This effect is associated to an improvement of SaO2 and perceived symptoms at iso-time. In a Pulmonary Rehabilitation program HFNC may allow a given high intensity load to be sustained for a longer time with less symptoms.
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Respiratory medicine · Sep 2016
Lung function abnormalities among service members returning from Iraq or Afghanistan with respiratory complaints.
Service members deploying to Afghanistan (OEF) and Iraq (OIF) often return with respiratory symptoms. We sought to determine prevalence of lung function abnormalities following OEF/OIF. ⋯ Service members with respiratory complaints following OEF/OIF have a high prevalence of abnormalities on spirometry. Tobacco use, enlisted rank and total number of deployments were associated with symptoms or spirometric abnormalities.
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Respiratory medicine · Sep 2016
Clinical Trial Observational StudyPredictors of frequent exacerbations in (ex)smoking and never smoking adults with severe asthma.
Persistent eosinophilic airway inflammation is an important driver for asthma exacerbations in non-smokers with asthma. Whether eosinophilic inflammation is also a predictor of asthma exacerbations in (ex)smokers is not known. ⋯ Netherlands Trial Register: NTR2217, NTR1846 and NTR1838.
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Respiratory medicine · Sep 2016
Patent foramen ovale in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: Long-term risk and morbidity.
Little is known about the presence of patent foramen ovale in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. While there is suspected worsening of hypoxemia confounding assessment and management of pulmonary hypertension, as well as possible increased morbidity from paradoxical emboli, there may be theoretical relief of worsening right-sided pressures by the same mechanism of right-to-left shunting. ⋯ Patent foramen ovale is seen in a quarter of patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated with increased prevalence of severe hypoxemia but had no effect on long term survival.