Respiratory medicine
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Respiratory medicine · Feb 2017
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA randomised, phase III trial of once-daily fluticasone furoate/vilanterol 100/25 μg versus once-daily vilanterol 25 μg to evaluate the contribution on lung function of fluticasone furoate in the combination in patients with COPD.
The contribution of fluticasone furoate (FF) on lung function in the FF/vilanterol (VI) 100/25 μg combination has been demonstrated numerically, but not statistically. ⋯ GlaxoSmithKline.
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Respiratory medicine · Feb 2017
Multicenter StudyLung function, percent emphysema, and QT duration: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) lung study.
The QT interval on electrocardiogram (ECG) reflects ventricular repolarization; a prolonged QT interval is associated with increased mortality risk. Prior studies suggest an association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and prolonged QT interval. However, these studies were small and often enrolled hospital-based samples. We tested the hypotheses that lower lung function and increased percent emphysema on computed tomography (CT) are associated with a prolonged QT interval in a general population sample and additionally in those with COPD. ⋯ Our analysis revealed a significant association between lower lung function and longer QTc in men but not in women in a population-based sample. Our findings suggest the possibility of gender differences in the risk of QTc-associated arrhythmias in a population-based sample.
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Respiratory medicine · Feb 2017
FAM13A polymorphism as a prognostic factor in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Family with sequence similarity 13, member A (FAM13A) variants have been associated with susceptibility to chronic lung diseases. A recent genome-wide association study has shown an association between a polymorphism in FAM13A rs2609255 and idiopathic interstitial pneumonias in a Caucasian population. However, the relationship between rs2609255 polymorphism and prognosis in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias has not been investigated. ⋯ FAM13A gene polymorphism showed a significant association with the susceptibility to IPF, with severity of lung function impairment and with poor prognosis.
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Respiratory medicine · Feb 2017
Parametric response mapping on chest computed tomography associates with clinical and functional parameters in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
In the search for specific phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) computed tomography (CT) derived Parametric Response Mapping (PRM) has been introduced. This study evaluates the association between PRM and currently available biomarkers of disease severity in COPD. ⋯ PRM strongly associates with the presence and severity of COPD. PRM therefore appears to be a valuable tool in differentiating COPD phenotypes.
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Respiratory medicine · Feb 2017
Observational StudyCharacteristics associated with clinical severity and inflammatory phenotype of naturally occurring virus-induced exacerbations of asthma in adults.
In experimental studies viral infections have been shown to induce type 2 inflammation in asthmatics, but whether this is a feature of naturally occurring virus-induced asthma exacerbations is unknown. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) released from the airway epithelium in response to damage, has been suggested as a link between viral infection and type 2 inflammation, but the role of TSLP in asthma exacerbations is unknown. ⋯ Our findings support that type 2 inflammation is present in patients during virus-induced asthma exacerbations, to the same degree as non-viral exacerbations, and correlate negatively with FEV1. However, in virus-positive patients, high TSLP expression during exacerbation was associated with low sputum eosinophils, suggesting that the effect of TSLP in vivo, in the setting of an asthma exacerbation, might be different than the type 2 inducing effects observed in experimental studies.