Urology
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To determine whether body mass index (BMI) and Hounsfield units (HUs) could be used as independent predictors of stone-free status after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). No detailed studies have assessed BMI as an independent predictor of ESWL outcome. Some studies have suggested that HUs of urinary calculi on noncontrast computed tomography may predict the stone-free rate after ESWL. ⋯ BMI and HUs were statistically significant independent predictors of stone-free rates after ESWL. We believe a predictive model of ESWL outcome may be formulated on the basis of these findings and may be used to select the preferred treatment option for patients with urinary calculi.
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To evaluate the late health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after radical perineal prostatectomy (RPP) and identify the predictors of outcome. ⋯ The results of this study have shown that the long-term HRQOL of RPP patients in the urinary, bowel, and hormonal domains is favorable. HRQOL outcomes depend on a spectrum of factors, including the presence of comorbid disease, socioeconomic status, and secondary cancer treatments. Future studies should seek to address the efficacy of preserving the sexual domain HRQOL in patients undergoing bilateral nerve-sparing RPP.
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Review Comparative Study
Comparison of late rectal toxicity from conventional versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer: analysis of clinical and dosimetric factors.
To compare late rectal toxicity (LRT) after definitive radiotherapy (DR) and salvage radiotherapy (SR) in prostate cancer using conventional (CONV) or three-dimensional conformal (3-D) techniques. ⋯ The prescribed radiation dose and percentage of rectal volume treated to 60 or 70 Gy had statistically significant correlations with increased LRT. The rate of grade 2 or worse LRT was greater for patients undergoing SR than for those undergoing DR. We believe that continued close attention to dosimetric variables is imperative for future studies of dose escalation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of different local anesthesia techniques during TRUS-guided biopsies: a prospective pilot study.
To introduce two forms of anesthesia and compare them with standard local anesthesia techniques. ⋯ The use of 40% DMSO with lidocaine instilled into the rectal vault for 10 minutes avoids any need for injection and is capable of decreasing the discomfort or pain experienced during probe insertion and prostate biopsy comparable to the perianal and periprostatic protocols.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Successful downregulation of bladder sensory nerves with combination of heparin and alkalinized lidocaine in patients with interstitial cystitis.
To test the efficacy of a new intravesical therapeutic solution in relieving urgency/frequency and pain in interstitial cystitis (IC). ⋯ Intravesical treatment with combined heparin and alkalinized lidocaine immediately reduced the pain and urgency of IC in most patients treated for newly diagnosed IC. Symptom relief lasted beyond the duration of the local anesthetic activity of lidocaine, suggesting the solution suppresses neurologic upregulation. In IC treatment, this new intravesical solution may be helpful in the interval before heparinoid therapy reaches its full effect.