Urology
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To compare the serum and urinary carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels for assessment of possible risk of malignant transformation in patients with orthotopic neobladder. ⋯ These findings suggest that colon bladder replacement caused significantly increased serum CEA values compared with ileal neobladder or ileal conduit; however, the elevated serum CEA level correlated with the urinary CEA level, irrespective of other clinical factors. Therefore, the elevated serum CEA in the colon neobladder group may have been due to reabsorption of CEA in urine rather than to an association with malignant changes in the bowel segments used for neobladder creation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study comparing ertapenem and ceftriaxone followed by appropriate oral therapy for complicated urinary tract infections in adults.
To compare the efficacy and safety of ertapenem, a new once-daily parenteral beta-lactam, with that of ceftriaxone for the initial empiric treatment of adults with complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs). ⋯ In this study, ertapenem was as effective as ceftriaxone for the initial treatment of cUTI in adults, was generally well tolerated, and had a similar safety profile.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of local anesthesia techniques during transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies.
To compare the effectiveness of periprostatic nerve blockade versus intrarectal lidocaine during transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies. ⋯ Our data confirm that both techniques of local anesthesia are effective in reducing patient discomfort; however, periprostatic nerve blockade using injectable lidocaine appears to be more specific in reducing pain during the biopsy portion of the procedure.
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Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Use of EMLA cream with vasectomy.
To determine whether the application of a eutectic mixture of anesthetic cream (EMLA cream) can decrease the pain of lidocaine injection during vasectomy. ⋯ EMLA cream significantly decreases the pain associated with lidocaine injections given as local anesthesia for vasectomy.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Sacral neuromodulation as an effective treatment for refractory pelvic floor dysfunction.
To determine the long-term efficacy and complications of sacral nerve stimulation as an alternative therapy for pelvic floor dysfunction. Pelvic floor dysfunction is a complex problem that can be refractory to current treatment modalities. Conservative therapy rarely results in a durable cure of patients, and various surgical procedures have significant side effects and less than optimal results. ⋯ Sacral nerve stimulation is an effective and durable new approach to pelvic floor dysfunction with minimal complications. Test stimulation provides a valuable tool for patient selection.