Urology
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To compare percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) for the treatment of lower calyceal calculi with diameter of 2-3 cm in patients with solitary kidney. ⋯ For patients with solitary kidney, PCNL achieved a higher 1-session stone-free rate than RIRS in the treatment of lower calyceal calculi within 2-3 cm in diameter. However, RIRS, with less bleeding and shorter postoperative hospital stay, may be an alternative.
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To identify difficult to see ureteral orifices (UOs), urologists need a method to stain the urine. Phenazopyridine, a urinary analgesic which discolors the urine orange, can be administered orally preoperatively. We evaluated the usefulness of phenazopyridine in identifying the UOs and optimal timing of administration. ⋯ Phenazopyridine can successfully identify UOs and can be administered as early as the evening before the procedure.
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Observational Study
Associations of Intraoperative Flow Disruptions and Operating Room Teamwork During Robotic-assisted Radical Prostatectomy.
To identify type and severity of surgical flow disruptions and to determine their impact on the perception of intraoperative teamwork. ⋯ Emphasis on improving operating room team communication and coordination would help to establish efficient and smooth surgical workflow.
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Comparative Study
Ultrasound-guided Pudendal Block Is a Viable Alternative to Caudal Block for Hypospadias Surgery: A Single-Surgeon Pilot Study.
To evaluate pudendal nerve block as an alternative to caudal block for hypospadias surgery. ⋯ Compared with caudal block, ultrasound-guided pudendal nerve block is safe, provides equivalent pain control for hypospadias repair, and results in a shorter time to discharge.
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To develop nomograms that predict the probability of overall prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant PCa (Gleason ≥7) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted, and combined MRI-targeted and systematic, prostate biopsy. ⋯ PSA density, age, and MRI suspicion score predict PCa on combined MRI-targeted and systematic biopsy. Our generated nomograms demonstrate high diagnostic accuracy and may further aid in the decision to perform biopsy in men with clinical suspicion of PCa.